Table 3.
Univariable analysis of factors associated with the development of post-LT infection.
| Variable | No post-LT infection (n = 324) | Post-LT infection (n = 142) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-LT infection | 44 (14) | 64 (45) | <0.001 |
| Age | 58 (9) | 56 (9) | 0.120 |
| Sex (M) | 257 (79) | 105 (74) | 0.199 |
| Cirrhosis aetiology∗ | |||
| Alcohol-related HCV HBV Autoimmune hepatitis NAFLD Other† |
91 (28) 142 (44) 65 (20) 13 (4) 34 (11) 61 (19) |
64 (45) 45 (32) 26 (18) 7 (5) 16 (11) 24 (17) |
<0.001 0.014 0.661 0.653 0.804 0.620 |
| HCC | 210 (65) | 63 (44) | <0.001 |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 77.5 (66–102.8) | 95.5 (71–140) | <0.001 |
| Bilirubin (μmol/L) | 45.5 (22–99.2) | 90.4 (29.3–223.4) | <0.001 |
| INR | 1.47 (1.24–1.80) | 1.67 (1.34–2.07) | 0.002 |
| MELD score at LT | 17 (8) | 21 (9) | <0.001 |
| MELD-Na score at LT | 19 (8) | 23 (9) | <0.001 |
| ACLF at LT | 19 (5.9) | 27 (19) | <0.001 |
| ACLF grade 1 2 3 |
5 (1) 7 (2) 7 (2) |
5 (4) 14 (10) 8 (5) |
<0.001 |
| Sodium (mmol/L) | 137 (134–140) | 137 (133–141) | 0.908 |
| Haemoglobin (g/L) | 10.8 (9.6–12.7) | 10.1 (9.1–11.3) | 0.001 |
| Platelets (×109/L) | 69 (45–109) | 57 (38–87) | 0.064 |
| WBC (×109/L) | 4.48 (3.26–6.30) | 4.92 (3.60–6.99) | 0.050 |
| Albumin (g/L) | 27 (23–33) | 27 (23–32) | 0.643 |
| MAP (mmHg) | 89 (12) | 85 (29) | 0.137 |
| Diabetes | 89 (28) | 34 (24) | 0.416 |
| Hypertension | 100 (31) | 40 (28) | 0.546 |
| CKD | 26 (8) | 19 (15) | 0.040 |
| Donor’s age (years) | 63 (16) | 60 (16) | 0.174 |
| Donor’s sex (M) | 191 (59) | 77 (54) | 0.396 |
| LT technique (piggyback) | 304 (94) | 128 (90) | 0.223 |
| Cold ischaemia time (min) | 480 (420–540)) | 480 (420–531) | 0.688 |
| Calcineurin inhibitors sparing regimen | 214 (66) | 82 (58) | 0.109 |
| Single immune suppression | 113 (35) | 62 (44) | 0.089 |
Normally distributed continuous variables are presented as mean ± SD, non-normally distributed continuous variables are expressed as median (IQR) and categorial variables as n (%). Comparisons were made using the Χ2 test or Fisher’s exact test when appropriate, Student’s t test and Mann–Whitney’s U test.
ACLF, acute-on-chronic liver failure; CKD, chronic kidney disease; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; HCV, hepatitis C virus; INR, international normalised ratio; LT, liver transplantation; M, male; MAP, mean arterial pressure; MELD, model for end-stage liver disease; NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; WBC, white blood cell.
A total 115 patients had more than one liver disease aetiology.
This category includes: autoimmune cholestatic liver diseases (primary biliary cholangitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis); hepatitis D virus coinfection; haemochromatosis; Wilson’s disease; alpha1-antitrypsin deficit; cryptogenic cirrhosis.