Table 4.

Endoscopic resection of duodenal tumors

	Cold polypectomy101-103	UEMR98-100,103	Conventional EMR103,104,105	ESD103,104,105
Intraoperative perforation (%)	0	0–0.5	0–0.8	9.3–13.8
Delayed perforation (%)	0	0–0.2	0–0.2	1.7–2.3
Delayed bleeding (%)	0–0.5	0–2.1	0–2.6	4.7–5.2
En bloc resection (%)	79.1–91.2	78.6–89.8	86.8–96	94.8–98.3
R0 resection (%)	40.5–58.8	56.0–66.9	61.2–87	78.7–85.1

UEMR, underwater endoscopic mucosal resection; EMR, endoscopic mucosal resection; ESD, endoscopic submucosal dissection.