Table 5.
The results of meta-analysis of risk ratio for adverse events.
| Variable | Study |
Patients with treatment |
Patients with placebo |
Pooled RR |
P-value | I2 (%) | GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n) | (n) | (n) | (95% CI) | ||||
| Any AEs | 8 | 1977 | 956 | 1.140 (1.016–1.279) | 0.026 | 83.8 | Moderate |
| Gefapixant | 7 | 1821 | 916 | 1.186 (1.060–1.326) | 0.003 | 82.8 | Moderate |
| Eliapixant | 1 | 156 | 40 | 0.690 (0.518–0.919) | 0.011 | – | Very low |
| AEs related to treatment | 7 | 1803 | 866 | 2.314 (1.728–3.100) | <0.001 | 58.9 | Moderate |
| Gefapixant | 5 | 1616 | 795 | 2.529 (1.863–3.433) | <0.001 | 65.1 | Moderate |
| Eliapixant | 1 | 156 | 40 | 1.333 (0.547–3.253) | 0.527 | – | Very low |
| Sivopixant | 1 | 31 | 31 | 1.000 (0.274–3.645) | 1.000 | – | Very low |
| Taste related events | 6 | 1775 | 838 | 6.375 (4.930–8.243) | <0.001 | 0 | High |
| Gefapixant | 5 | 1619 | 798 | 6.444 (4.973–8.351) | <0.001 | 0 | High |
| Eliapixant | 1 | 156 | 40 | 3.333 (0.449–24.731) | 0.239 | – | Very low |
| Sivopixant | 1 | 298 | 102 | 1.711 (1.135–2.581) | 0.010 | – | Very low |
| Dysgeusia | 9 | 1863 | 924 | 6.591 (4.157–10.451) | <0.001 | 22.6 | High |
| Gefapixant | 9 | 1707 | 884 | 7.144 (4.308–11.846) | <0.001 | 29.4 | High |
| Eliapixant | 1 | 156 | 40 | 2.821 (0.375–21.207) | 0.314 | – | Very low |
| Hypogeusia | 7 | 1797 | 859 | 6.591 (4.157–10.451) | <0.001 | 22.6 | High |
| Gefapixant | 6 | 1641 | 819 | 7.144 (4.308–11.846) | <0.001 | 29.4 | High |
| Eliapixant | 1 | 156 | 40 | 2.821 (0.375–21.207) | 0.314 | – | Very low |
| Ageusia | 5 | 1616 | 795 | 13.181 (4.500–38.611) | <0.001 | 0 | High |
| Upper respiratory tract infection | 4 | 1257 | 569 | 1.575 (0.665–3.730) | 0.302 | 39.7 | Moderate |
| Gefapixant | 3 | 1101 | 524 | 1.904 (0.578–6.277) | 0.290 | 59.5 | Low |
| Eliapixant | 1 | 156 | 40 | 1.282 (0.154–10.668) | 0.818 | – | Very low |
| Nasopharyngitis | 4 | 1555 | 744 | 1.055 (0.870–1.280) | 0.584 | 0 | Moderate |
| Gefapixant | 3 | 1525 | 715 | 1.063 (0.875–1.292) | 0.537 | 0 | Moderate |
| Eliapixant | 1 | 30 | 29 | 0.641 (0.129–3.183) | 0.587 | – | Very low |
| Nausea | 4 | 1251 | 557 | 1.942 (0.645–5.844) | 0.238 | 44.5 | Low |
| Gefapixant | 3 | 1095 | 517 | 2.828 (0.601–13.313) | 0.188 | 61.8 | Low |
| Eliapixant | 1 | 156 | 40 | 0.769 (0.082–7.199) | 0.818 | – | Very low |
| Headache | 6 | 1774 | 836 | 1.038 (0.829–1.300) | 0.746 | 0.0 | Moderate |
| Gefapixant | 5 | 1618 | 796 | 1.082 (0.875–1.339) | 0.466 | 0 | Moderate |
| Eliapixant | 1 | 156 | 40 | 0.470 (0.185–1.194) | 0.112 | – | Very low |
| Oral-system diseases | 7 | 494 | 249 | 2.108 (0.933–4.764) | 0.073 | 60.7 | Low |
| Gefapixant | 6 | 338 | 209 | 2.710 (1.141–6.439) | 0.024 | 55.4 | Moderate |
| Eliapixant | 1 | 156 | 40 | 0.641 (0.212–1.938) | 0.431 | – | Very low |
N > 30 and well-defined AEs are analysed.
Relative risk, RR, the ratio of the risk of disease among those exposed to a risk factor to the risk among those not exposed. RR > 1 represents the medicine as the activator of the AEs.
P-values of <0.05 were defined as statistically significant summarized treatment effect.
Abbreviations: AEs, adverse events; RR, relative risk ratio.
The certainty in pooled estimate was evaluated by GRADE.