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. 2023 May 31;39(3):219–231. doi: 10.1007/s12550-023-00489-z

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — Analysis of metabolic function: basal respiration, maximal respiration and spare capacity. Metabolic function of IPEC-1 cells was analyzed via mitostress kit on a seahorse analyzer. A Basal respiration: at a concentration of 200 ng/mL DON, we observed an increase in the rate of basal oxygen consumption but a significant decrease at 2000 ng/mL DON (*p ≤ 0.05) compared to control. B Maximal respiration: Significantly lower values (***p ≤ 0.001) were found in the 2000 ng/mL treatment group in comparison to control. C Spare capacity: A treatment of 2000 ng/mL DON resulted in a decreased spare capacity (158.60 pmol/min/1*10⁵ cells; CON: 565.93 pmol/min/1*10⁵ cells). (*p ≤ 0.05; **p ≤ 0.01; ***p ≤ 0.001)