Table 3.
Associations between prostate cancer diagnosis (1998-2017) and risk of any drug use disorder through 2018, Sweden
| Drug use disorders, No. |
Adjusted HR (95% CI)a | P | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PC cases | Controls | |||
| High-risk PC | ||||
| Entire follow-up period | 404 | 3023 | 1.93 (1.67 to 2.24) | <.001 |
| <3 mo | 39 | 744 | 3.72 (1.93 to 7.15) | <.001 |
| 3 to <12 mo | 55 | 428 | 1.54 (0.99 to 2.38) | .05 |
| 1 to <2 y | 66 | 399 | 1.83 (1.24 to 2.70) | .002 |
| 2 to <5 y | 109 | 736 | 1.89 (1.44 to 2.47) | <.001 |
| 5 to <10 y | 94 | 528 | 1.92 (1.43 to 2.57) | <.001 |
| ≥10 y | 41 | 188 | 2.26 (1.45 to 3.52) | <.001 |
| High-risk PC (2005-2017)b | ||||
| ADT only | 138 | — | 2.23 (1.70 to 2.92) | <.001 |
| Radiation | 76 | — | 1.80 (1.26 to 2.58) | .001 |
| Low- or intermediate-risk PC | ||||
| Entire follow-up period | 609 | 6620 | 1.19 (1.06 to 1.34) | .004 |
| <3 mo | 31 | 1348 | 0.97 (0.48 to 1.94) | .92 |
| 3 to <12 mo | 84 | 892 | 0.93 (0.63 to 1.38) | .71 |
| 1 to <2 y | 83 | 893 | 1.10 (0.78 to 1.55) | .60 |
| 2 to <5 y | 167 | 1620 | 1.15 (0.92 to 1.43) | .23 |
| 5 to <10 y | 163 | 1350 | 1.39 (1.11 to 1.73) | .004 |
| ≥10 y | 81 | 517 | 1.26 (0.92 to 1.72) | .16 |
| Low- or intermediate-risk PC (2005-2017)b | ||||
| Deferred treatment | 246 | — | 1.11 (0.91 to 1.35) | .31 |
| ADT only | 61 | — | 2.30 (1.48 to 3.57) | <.001 |
| Radiation | 70 | — | 0.91 (0.63 to 1.32) | .63 |
a
Adjusted for age, birth country, marital status, education, income, region, and prior history of psychiatric disorders (major depression, anxiety disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, AUD, drug use disorder) at index date. ADT = androgen-deprivation therapy; AUD = alcohol use disorder; CI = confidence interval; HR = hazard ratio; PC = prostate cancer.
b
Subanalysis based on treatment data available between 2005 and 2017.