Table 1.
Pan-CAF markers and specific markers for the identification of CAF subtypes.
| Fibroblast markers3,18 | CAF positive markers | CAF negative markers | CAF subtype markers8 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| myCAF | iCAF | apCAF | |||
| ACTA2 | PDGFRα / PDGFRβ19 | CD458 | ACTA2 | IL6/IL8 | H2-Ab1 |
| VIM | DDR220 | CD318 | TAGLN | PDGFRA | CD74 |
| COL1 | COL18 | EPCAM8 | MMP11 | CXCL1/CXCL2/CXCL12; CCL2 | SLPI |
| FSP1 (also known as S100A4) | FAP8 | PECAM118 | HOPX | CFD | SAA3 |
| FAP | PDPN8 | NG219 | POSTN | DPT | |
| DES | DCN8 | TPM1/TPM2 | LMNA | ||
| VIM8 | AGTR1 | ||||
| HAS1 | |||||
ACTA2 actin alpha 2, VIM vimentin, COL1 collagen type I, FSP1 fibroblast-specific protein 1, FAP fibroblast activation protein, DES desmin, DDR2 discoidin domain-containing receptor 2, PDPN podoplanin, DCN decorin, PECAM1 platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule, EPCAM epithelial cell adhesion molecule, TAGLN transgelin, MMP11 matrix metallopeptidase 11, HOPX homeobox transcription factor, TPM1/TPM2 tropomyosin 1/2, CFD complement factor D, DPT dermatopontin, LMNA lamin A, AGTR1 angiotensin II receptor type 1, CXCL CXC-chemokine ligand, Has1 hyaluronan synthase, H2-Ab1 histocompatibility 2, class II antigen A beta 1 gene, SLPI Peptidase inhibitor, Saa3 serum amyloid A3.