Table 1.
Multivariable analysis of odds of UHA
| Characteristic | Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) | P-value |
|---|---|---|
| Sex | ||
| Male | 1 | |
| Female | 0.91 (0.79 to 1.04) | 0.167 |
|
| ||
| Age (categorical), years | ||
| 16–34 | 1 | |
| 35–54 | 1.06 (0.88 to 1.28) | 0.545 |
| 55–74 | 1.49 (1.21 to 1.84) | <0.001 |
| ≥75 | 3.24 (2.57 to 4.08) | <0.001 |
|
| ||
| Ethnicity | ||
| White | 1 | |
| Black | 0.68 (0.55 to 0.85) | <0.001 |
| Asian | 1.0 (0.88 to 1.14) | 0.946 |
| Mixed and other | 0.91 (0.61 to 1.35) | 0.627 |
| Unknown | 1.17 (0.80 to 1.73) | 0.417 |
|
| ||
| Treatment within +/−7 days | ||
| Treated | 1 | |
| Not treated | 0.48 (0.42 to 0.55) | <0.001 |
|
| ||
| Antibiotics last 6 months, courses | ||
| 0 | 1 | |
| 1–2 | 1.23 (1.08 to 1.40) | 0.002 |
| ≥3 | 1.38 (1.15 to 1.65) | <0.001 |
|
| ||
| Risk factors for complicated UTI | ||
| Absence of risk factor | 1 | |
| Structural abnormalities | 1.19 (1.00 to 1.41) | 0.051 |
| CKD | 1.55 (1.31 to 1.84) | <0.001 |
| Urinary catheter | 2.01 (1.53 to 2.66) | <0.001 |
|
| ||
| Other risk factors | ||
| Absence of risk factor | 1 | |
| Recurrent UTI | 1.33 (1.16 to 1.53) | <0.001 |
| UI | 1.11 (0.94 to 1.30) | 0.208 |
| FI | 1.47 (1.12 to 1.93) | 0.005 |
| Heart failure | 1.22 (0.95 to 1.58) | 0.125 |
| Hypertension | 1.14 (0.98 to 1.33) | 0.091 |
| Cancer | 0.98 (0.79 to 1.21) | 0.825 |
| DM | 1.37 (1.19 to 1.58) | <0.001 |
|
| ||
| Season | ||
| Spring | 1 | |
| Summer | 1.11 (0.95 to 1.30) | 0.173 |
| Autumn | 1.09 (0.93 to 1.27) | 0.273 |
| Winter | 0.89 (0.75 to 1.04) | 0.144 |
CKD = chronic kidney disease. DM = diabetes mellitus. FI = faecal incontinence. IMD = Index of Multiple Deprivation. UHA = urinary infection-related hospital admission. UI = urinary incontinence. UTI = urinary tract infection.