Table 4.
NO Nanomedicines for Anti-Bacterial/Biofilma
| Nanomedicine | NO donor | Release condition | Working mechanism of NO | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AuNC@NO | N-Hydroxy-N-nitrosamine NO donor | NIR irradiation (heat) | NO/PTT synergistically degrades MRSA biofilms | 238 |
| PGalNO | CouN(NO)-R | NIR irradiation | High concentration of NO kills bacteria | 115 |
| pH@MSN-CaP-NO | diazeniumdiolate | pH 5.0 | NO promotes cornea wound healing | 147 |
| BP1 Vesicles | oNBN, pNBN, BN | UV 365 nm irradiation | NO promotes cell migration and viability | 149 |
| PU/PPEG-OH-MPS-NO | R-SNO | Physiological conditions. | NO has a broad-spectrum antibacterial property | 239 |
| PNOFA | R-N-NO | Visible light irradiation | NO has broad-spectrum antibacterial performance with low drug resistance | 104 |
| CoFe2O4@MnFe2O4 nanoparticles | R-SNO | Magnetothermal | Efficiently killing sessile bacteria by rapidly releasing nitric oxide (NO) inside biofilms | 240 |
| nbi/NO film | N-Diazeniumdiolate | Cu2+ to accelerate NO release | Nitrosative stress partly causes DNA deamination; Oxidative stress causes membrane destruction through lipid peroxidation, tyrosine nitrosation, and DNA cleavage | 241 |
| SNP@MOF@Au-Mal | Sodium nitroprusside | Photothermal | High concentration of NO and derivatives to combat bacteria | 101 |
| AI-MPDA | L-Arg | ROS | NO enhances PDT and mild PTT for biofilm elimination | 120 |
| α-CD-Ce6-NO-DA nanocarriers | R-SNO | GSH | NO greatly improves the PDT efficiency by releasing ONOO− | 121 |
| PNO | NONOate | Physiological conditions | NO for synergistic eradication of bacterial biofilms | 242 |
| PNBNPs | N-Diazeniumdiolate | pH | High concentration of NO kills bacteria | 243 |
| PDA-NO HNP | NONOate | Physiological conditions | NO has a broad-spectrum antibacterial effect | 244 |
| UKON-2jNO | R-SNO | Sunlight | Highly reactive ONOO− enhances antibacterial effect | 94 |
| GEN-NO | NONOate | Physiological conditions | Synergistic NO and antibiotic for biofilm eradication | 245 |
| ZnTPyP@NO | R-NO | Sunlight irradiation | Highly reactive ONOO− generation enhances PDT | 67 |
| UCNP@PCN@LA-PVDF | L-Arg | ROS | Highly reactive ONOO− generation enhances PDT | 103 |
| PEO-b-PCouNO | R-N-NO | 410 nm light irradiation | NO has a broad-spectrum antibacterial effect | 113 |
| Fe3O4@PDA@PAMAM@NONOate | NONOate | 808 nm laser irradiation (Photothermal) | NO damages DNA and kills bacteria | 105 |
| TG-NO-B | R-SNO | 808 nm laser irradiation (Photothermal) | Synergistic NO/PTT to overcome MDR Gram-negative bacteria and their biofilms | 102 |
| Ti-RP/PCP/RSNO | R-SNO | 808 nm laser irradiation (Photothermal) | Upregulating Opn and Ocn genes and TNF-α | 122 |
| PdTPTBP/CouN(NO)-NO2 | R-N-NO | Red light | NO eradiates C. acnes pathogens, with antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti osteoclastogenesis effects. | 246 |
| B/MA-GSNO | R-SNO | Heat | Rapid NO releasing for antibacterial efficiency | 247 |
| DMAH | R-SNO | Heat | Destroying bacterial nitrogen and respiratory metabolisms | 248 |
AuNC@NO, nitric oxide (NO)-releasing gold nanocage; PGalNO; pH@MSN-CaP-NO, Ph@ mesoporous silica nanoparticles-calcium phosphate-NO; BP Vesicles, PEO45-b-PoNBNn; PU/PPEG-OH-MPS-NO, ozone-pretreated polyurethane-PPEG-OH-mercapto-silane-RSNO; PNOFA, PEO-b-PNNBM-NO-formaldehyde; nbi/NO film, branched polyethyleneimine-alginate-NO film; AI-MPDA,L-arginine-ICG-mesoporous polydopamine; PNO, NO-loaded polymer; PNBNPs, surface charge switchable nitric oxide (NO)-releasing nanoparticles; PDA-NO HNP, Polydopamine-NO hollow nanoparticle; UKON-2JNO, NO-Mesoporous organosilica; GEN-NO, gentamicin-NONOate; ZnTPyP@NO, zinc meso-tetra(4-pyridyl)porphyrin@NO; UCNP@PCN@LA-PVDF, upconversion nanoparticle-porphyrinic MOFs@ L-arginine-polyvinylidene fluoride; PEO-b-PCouNO, poly(ethylene oxide)-b-polyCouNO; TG-NO-B, S-nitrosothiols-thiolated graphene-4-mercaptophenylboronic acid; Ti-RP/PCP/RSNO, red phosphorus nanofilm deposited on a titanium implant; B/MA-GSNO, magnetothermal aerogel-S-nitrosoglutathione; DMAH, dual-mode antibacterial hydrogel.