Figure 2.

Temporal changes in maternal blood pressure and heart rate (HR) responses during sleep and wake cycles before and throughout gestation in rats treated with ODN2395 or saline vehicle. A–H: systolic blood pressure (SBP; A and B), diastolic blood pressure (DBP; C and D), mean arterial pressure (MAP; E and F), and HR (G and H) during sleep (A, C, E, and G) and wake (B, D, F, and H) cycles. Intraperitoneal injections of ODN2395 or saline (vehicle) were given on gestational days (GD) 14, 16, and 18. Shaded vertical region represents treatment window (GD14–GD19). Data within the treatment window were analyzed by fitting a mixed model with Geisser–Greenhouse correction. Multiple comparisons to assess simple effects were performed using Dunnett’s test (responses on GD15, GD16, GD17, GD18, GD19 vs. GD14 within each treatment group), and multiplicity adjusted P values for each comparison were calculated. Simple effects: *P < 0.05 vs. GD14 in saline group; #P < 0.05 vs. GD14 in ODN2395-treated group. Values are presented as means ± SD; n = 7/group. Pre, 3-day average of values before mating. ODN, oligonucleotides.