Table 3.
Baseline characteristics of trial participants according to high-benefit vs low-benefit among the high-risk group and the low-risk group, respectively
| Variables | High-risk group | Low-risk group | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SBP ≥130 mmHg | SBP <130 mmHg | |||
| (N = 7943) |
(N = 2729) |
|||
| High-benefit | Low-benefit | High-benefit | Low-benefit | |
| ITE >0 | ITE ≤0 | ITE >0 | ITE ≤0 | |
| (N = 6270) | (N = 1673) | (N = 2293) | (N = 436) | |
| Age, mean (SD), years | 66.4 (8.8) | 63.8 (7.3) | 64.9 (8.2) | 63.0 (6.5) |
| Female, % | 2710 (43.2) | 571 (34.1) | 923 (40.3) | 148 (33.9) |
| Race/ethnicity, % | ||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 3624 (57.8) | 989 (59.1) | 1387 (60.5) | 267 (61.2) |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 1704 (27.2) | 392 (23.4) | 646 (28.2) | 105 (24.1) |
| Hispanic | 636 (10.1) | 141 (8.4) | 154 (6.7) | 37 (8.5) |
| Other | 306 (4.9) | 151 (9.0) | 106 (4.6) | 27 (6.2) |
| Education status, % | ||||
| Less than college | 4155 (66.3) | 1148 (68.6) | 1520 (66.3) | 307 (70.4) |
| College or above | 2115 (33.7) | 525 (31.4) | 773 (33.7) | 129 (29.6) |
| Uninsured, % | 767 (12.2) | 276 (16.5) | 249 (10.9) | 47 (10.8) |
| Living alone, % | 1606 (25.6) | 400 (23.9) | 576 (25.1) | 117 (26.8) |
| Smoking, % | 769 (12.3) | 236 (14.1) | 342 (14.9) | 48 (11.0) |
| SBP, mean (SD), mmHg | 146.3 (12.9) | 143.2 (10.2) | 120.4 (7.2) | 123.6 (5.0) |
| BMI, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 31.0 (5.2) | 30.5 (5.6) | 31.6 (5.3) | 30.9 (5.4) |
| Total cholesterol, mean (SD), mg/dL | 192.0 (42.1) | 194.9 (43.9) | 187.9 (41.6) | 187.7 (46.4) |
| HDL cholesterol, mean (SD), mg/dL | 52.0 (14.6) | 43.6 (12.8) | 49.7 (14.1) | 43.4 (10.0) |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2, % | ||||
| ≥90 | 1772 (28.3) | 545 (32.6) | 633 (27.6) | 137 (31.4) |
| 60 to <90 | 3160 (50.4) | 803 (48.0) | 1146 (50.0) | 222 (50.9) |
| 45 to <60 | 918 (14.6) | 236 (14.1) | 356 (15.5) | 54 (12.4) |
| <45 | 420 (6.7) | 89 (5.3) | 158 (6.9) | 23 (5.3) |
| Clinical CVD, % | 1124 (17.9) | 650 (38.9) | 485 (21.2) | 167 (38.3) |
| Statin use, % | 3104 (49.5) | 967 (57.8) | 1296 (56.5) | 286 (65.6) |
| Anti-hypertensive use, % | ||||
| 0 | 711 (11.3) | 199 (11.9) | 163 (7.1) | 40 (9.2) |
| 1 | 2049 (32.7) | 591 (35.3) | 805 (35.1) | 141 (32.3) |
| ≥2 | 3510 (56.0) | 883 (52.8) | 1325 (57.8) | 255 (58.5) |
| History of diabetesa | 2375 (37.9) | 942 (56.3) | 914 (39.9) | 253 (58.0) |
| 10-year Framingham CVD risk %, median (IQR) | 24.2 (19.0) | 29.9 (25.6) | 15.8 (14.2) | 19.7 (16.0) |
| 10-year ASCVD risk %, median (IQR) | 21.7 (19.7) | 22.3 (17.8) | 14.5 (13.4) | 16.0 (11.8) |
BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; CVD, cardiovascular disease; SD, standard deviation; IQR, interquartile range; ASCVD, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; ITE, intensive treatment effect.
a
History of diabetes was labelled as 0 for the SPRINT (Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial) participants and 1 for the ACCORD-BP (Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes Blood Pressure) participants.