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. 2023 Aug 2;13:12515. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-39476-w

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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(a) Comparison of simulated and measured S11 values (top) and radiation pattern [H plane] (bottom) for the proof-of-concept prototype in flat and bent with a radius of 30 mm configurations. (b) Beam steering measurement results of the fabricated phased array module prototype with an integrated microfluidic channel. (c) Measurement setup for microfluidic cooling tests. (d) Cooling of the IC over time through the use of a microfluidic channel.