. 2023 Jan 2;37(12):2565–2572. doi: 10.1038/s41433-022-02375-x

Table 2.

Refractive status, corneal topographic indices, other anterior segment features, and axial length among the full-term (FT), premature (PM), and premature ROP (PM-ROP) without treatment groups.

Parameters^b	FT (n = 328)	PM (n = 1062)	PM-ROP without Tx (n = 223)	p
Refractive status (D, mean ± SD)
Cylindrical power	−0.64 ± 0.11^A	−1.00 ± 0.09^B	−0.92 ± 0.16^AB	0.022^a
Spherical equivalent	0.55 ± 0.23	0.69 ± 0.11	0.37 ± 0.26	0.513
Ant. corneal surface^c (D, mean ± SD)
Mean K	42.63 ± 0.25^A	43.28 ± 0.21^B	43.30 ± 0.26^B	0.007^a
Flat K	42.07 ± 0.24^A	42.63 ± 0.21^B	42.69 ± 0.25^B	0.014^a
Steep K	43.20 ± 0.26^A	43.94 ± 0.21^B	43.91 ± 0.29^B	0.007^a
Ant. corneal surface^d (D, mean ± SD)
Mean K	42.66 ± 0.23^A	43.27 ± 0.18^B	43.30 ± 0.26^B	0.016^a
Flat K	42.08 ± 0.22	42.57 ± 0.18	42.63 ± 0.27	0.055
Steep K	43.24 ± 0.25^A	43.97 ± 0.19^B	43.98 ± 0.29^B	0.008^a
Post. corneal surface (D, mean ± SD)
Mean K	−6.31 ± 0.19	−6.12 ± 0.08	−5.45 ± 0.58	0.369
Flat K	−5.94 ± 0.12	−5.81 ± 0.09	−5.07 ± 0.57	0.303
Steep K	−6.60 ± 0.21	−6.53 ± 0.12	−5.86 ± 0.68	0.610
Corneal astigmatism (D, mean ± SD)
Anterior	1.15 ± 0.11^A	1.39 ± 0.07^B	1.51 ± 0.12^B	0.036^a
Posterior	−0.41 ± 0.10^A	−0.74 ± 0.10^B	−0.75 ± 0.41^AB	0.016^a
Total	0.75 ± 0.13	0.66 ± 0.12	0.84 ± 0.43	0.791
Pachymetry (µm, mean ± SD)
Thinnest	543.61 ± 6.51^A	517.75 ± 5.15^B	513.45 ± 11.28^B	<0.001^a
Central	578.48 ± 4.79	567.69 ± 3.23	573.94 ± 6.43	0.105
CLMI (D, mean ± SD)	0.90 ± 0.11	1.22 ± 0.06	1.05 ± 0.11	0.063
CD (mm, mean ± SD)	12.21 ± 0.06^A	12.06 ± 0.05^B	11.95 ± 0.09^B	0.002^a
ACD (mm, mean ± SD)	3.08 ± 0.03^A	2.99 ± 0.02^B	2.97 ± 0.03^B	0.001^a
AL (mm, mean ± SD)	23.17 ± 0.12^A	22.75 ± 0.09^B	22.79 ± 0.16^B	0.001^a
ACD/AL (%)	13.3 ± 0.1	13.2 ± 0.1	13.0 ± 0.1	0.090

n number of eyes.

FT full-term.

PM premature

ROP retinopathy of prematurity.

SD standard deviation.

Tx treatment.

Ant anterior.

Post. posterior.

CLMI cone location and magnitude index.

CD corneal diameter.

ACD anterior chamber depth.

AL axial length.

^aDenote significant difference among the different study groups according to the generalized estimating equation.

^bThere are multiple data from each eye. Comparison of the parameters among groups were conducted at approximately seven years of age, adjusted by the GEE models.

^cMeasured by automated kerato-refractometer.

^dMeasured by Galilei Placido-dual Scheimpflug analyzer G4.

^ABCMultiple intergroup comparison, the same letter represents no significant difference among groups and different letters represent significant difference among groups.