Table 1.
The baseline data of benign airway stenosis cause by different etiologies.
| Characteristics | Total | TBTS* | TAS# | Foreign body | External compression |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 617 (%) | n = 306 (%) | n = 179 (%) | n = 74 (%) | n = 25 (%) | |
| Age at diagnosis (mean) | 48.93 ± 18.30 | 44.57 ± 18.64 | 49.75 ± 16.93 | 58.22 ± 16.54 | 62.88 ± 14.04 |
| <40 | 218 (35.33) | 147 (48.04) | 51 (28.49) | 15 (20.27) | 0 (0) |
| 40–59 | 181 (29.34) | 72 (23.53) | 68 (37.99) | 20 (27.03) | 6 (24.00) |
| ≥60 | 218 (35.33) | 87 (28.43) | 60 (33.52) | 39 (52.70) | 19 (76.00) |
| Sex | |||||
| Female | 333 (53.97) | 215 (70.26) | 68 (37.99) | 15 (20.27) | 17 (68.00) |
| Male | 284 (46.03) | 91 (29.74) | 111 (62.01) | 59 (79.73) | 8 (32.00) |
| Clinical symptoms | |||||
| Cough | 483 (78.28) | 281 (91.83) | 100 (55.87) | 67 (90.54) | 8 (32.00) |
| Dyspnea | 387 (62.72) | 165 (53.92) | 154 (86.03) | 2 (2.70) | 22 (88.00) |
| Fever | 45 (7.29) | 36 (11.76) | 12 (6.70) | 5 (6.76) | 0 (0) |
| Chest pain | 42 (6.81) | 29 (9.48) | 2 (1.12) | 9 (12.16) | 0 (0) |
| Loss of weight | 14 (2.27) | 14 (4.58) | 6 (3.35) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Bloody sputum | 16 (2.59) | 12 (3.92) | 2 (1.12) | 2 (2.70) | 0 (0) |
| Hemoptysis | 19 (3.08) | 11 (3.59) | 1 (0.56) | 4 (5.41) | 0 (0) |
| Respiratory failure | 20 (3.24) | 4 (1.31) | 10 (5.59) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Comorbidities | |||||
| Hypertension | 158 (25.61) | 40 (13.07) | 76 (42.46) | 23 (31.08) | 13 (52.00) |
| Diabetes | 78 (12.64) | 18 (5.88) | 37 (20.67) | 9 (12.16) | 9 (36.00) |
| Coronary heart disease | 67 (10.86) | 16 (5.23) | 33 (18.44) | 0 (0) | 8 (32.00) |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 106 (17.18) | 5 (1.63) | 86 (48.04) | 11 (14.86) | 3 (12.00) |
| Stenosis site | |||||
| Trachea | 222 (35.98) | 7 (2.29) | 173 (96.65) | 2 (2.70) | 25 (100) |
| Right bronchi | 203 (32.90) | 147 (48.04) | 4 (2.23) | 46 (62.16) | 0 (0) |
| Left bronchi | 153 (24.80) | 119 (38.89) | 1 (0.56) | 26 (35.14) | 0 (0) |
| Multiple sites | 39 (6.32) | 33 (10.78) | 1 (0.56) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Treatment | |||||
| Interventional therapy | 512 (82.98) | 259 (84.64) | 168 (93.85) | 72 (97.30) | 2 (8.00) |
| Stent implantation | 72 (11.67) | 15 (4.90) | 47 (26.26) | 0 (0) | 7 (28.00) |
| Conservative treatments | 70 (11.35) | 47 (15.36) | 11 (6.15) | 1 (1.35) | 8 (32.00) |
| Surgery | 28 (4.54) | 2 (0.65) | 7 (3.91) | 1 (1.35) | 15 (60.00) |
*TBTS, tuberculous tracheobronchial stenosis; #TAS, traumatic airway stenosis.