TABLE 3.
Studies with Results for Lipid Profile, Body Mass Index, and 10-Year CHD Risk
| Author, Year | Lipid Profile (mg dL-1) | Body Mass Index (kg m-2) | 10-Year CHD Risk | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Change from Baseline to Final Follow-up | Difference in Change Between Groupsa | Change from Baseline to Final Follow-up | Difference in Change Between Groupsa | Change from Baseline to Final Follow-up | Difference in Change Between Groupsa | ||
| Al Mazroui et al. 200948 | TC | IG: 203.40 to 172.85 CG: 203.79 to 205.72 | -32.48b | IG: 28.34 to 27.29 (P < 0.005) CG: 27.98 to 27.99 (P > 0.05) | -1.06b | Framingham risk prediction score IG: 10.6% to 7.7% (P < 0.001) CG: 11.4% to 11.5% (P > 0.05) BNF risk prediction (% of patients at low risk) IG: 63.3% to 85.5% CG: 65.0% to 59.0% |
-3.0%b 28.2%b, c |
| LDL | IG: 137.28 to 117.56 CG: 134.57 to 139.60 | -24.75b | |||||
| HDL | IG: 46.40 to 51.04 (P < 0.05) CG: 46.02 to 46.40b | 4.25b | |||||
| TG | IG: 141.71 to 110.71 CG: 137.28 to 154.11 | -47.83b | |||||
| Ali et al. 201241 | TC | IG: 160.48 to 159.32 (P = 0.811) CG: 141.53 to 121.42 (P < 0.001) | 18.95b | IG: 30.84 to 26.98 (P < 0.001) CG: 29.82 to 28.73 (P = 0.059) | -2.77b | NR | – |
| LDL | IG: 90.87 to 76.18 (P = 0.009) CG: 69.99 to 48.34 (P < 0.001) | 7.35b | |||||
| HDL | IG: 46.02 to 56.46 (P = 0.001) CG: 46.40 to 48.34 (P = 0.575) | 8.12b | |||||
| TG | IG: 119.57 to 134.63 (P = 0.140) CG: 127.54 to 157.65 (P = 0.940) | -15.05b | |||||
| Chan et al. 201249 | TC | IG: 170.15 to 155.07 CG: 182.14 to 179.43 | -12.37 (P = 0.08) | IG: 25.2 to 25.04 CG: 26.2 to 26.27 | -0.23 (P = 0.24) | Score obtained from a validated CHD risk equation for Hong Kong population IG: 2.16 to 2.05 CG: 2.17 to 2.17 | -0.11 (P < 0.001) |
| LDL | IG: 101.32 to 87.39 CG: 107.12 to 105.96 | -12.76 (P = 0.026) | |||||
| HDL | IG: 42.15 to 42.304 CG: 44.47 to 44.548 | 0.078 (P = 0.93) | |||||
| TG | IG: 154.11 to 134.63 CG: 168.28 to 148.80 | 0.00 (P = 0.99) | |||||
| Clifford et al. 200561 | TC | IG: 193.4 to 181.7 CG: 189.5 to 181.7 | -3.9 (P = 0.14) | IG: 30.0 to 29.4 CG: 30.0 to 30.1 | -0.7 (P = 0.005) | UKPDS risk engine score IG: 25.1% to 20.3% (P = 0.002) CG: 26.1% to 26.4% (P = 0.17) | -5.1%b |
| HDL | IG: 46.02 to 47.18 CG: 46.02 to 45.24 | 1.93 (P = 0.07) | |||||
| TG | IG: 150.6 to 97.4 CG: 141.7 to 141.7 | -53.1 (P = 0.09) | |||||
| Cohen et al. 201129 | LDL | IG: 96.1 to 86.7 CG: 110.7 to 99.17 | 2.13 (NS)b | NR | – | NR | – |
| Fornos et al. 200642 | TC | IG: 222 to 202 (P < 0.001) CG: 218 to 217 (P = 0.716) | -19 (P = 0.0054) | IG: 31.0 to 30.1 (P = 0.018) CG: 31.7 to 31.4 (P = 0.650) | -0.6 (NS)b | NR | – |
| LDL | IG: 141 to 126 (P < 0.001) CG: 136 to 133 (P = 0.488) | -12 (NS)b | |||||
| HDL | IG: 48.5 to 48.5 (P = 0.981) CG: 49.9 to 49.7 (P = 0.887) | 0.2 (NS)b | |||||
| TG | IG: 167 to 138 (P = 0.181) CG: 168 to 171 (P = 0.229) | -32 (NS)b | |||||
| Jaber et al. 199631 | No significant changes within or between IG and CG | – | NR | – | NR | – | |
| Jacobs et al. 201232 | LDL | IG: 121.5 to 93.7 CG: 115.1 to 105.1 | -17.8b | IG: 32.8 to 33.2 CG: 31.8 to 31.6 | 0.6b | NR | – |
| Jarab et al. 201253 | TC | IG: 181.7 to 154.7 CG: 181.7 to 185.6 | -30.9 (P = 0.040) | IG: 32.4 to 31.9 CG: 32.8 to 33.2 | -0.9 (P = 0.189) | NR | – |
| LDL | IG: 81.2 to 58.0 CG: 85.1 to 85.1 | -23.2 (P = 0.031) | |||||
| HDL | IG: 50.3 to 44.5 CG: 50.3 to 50.3 | -5.8 (P = 0.728) | |||||
| TG | IG: 168.3 to 124.0 CG: 177.1 to 194.9 | -62.0 (P = 0.017) | |||||
| Krass et al. 200726 | TC | IG: 189.5 to 181.7 CG: 189.5 to 181.7 | 0.0 (P = 0.85) | IG: 31.4 to 31.1 CG: 31.3 to 31.1 | -0.2 (P = 0.37) | NR | – |
| TG | IG: 177.1 to 159.4 CG: 159.4 to 150.6 | -17.7 (P = 0.39) | |||||
| Malathy et al. 201155 | TC | IG: 206.2 to 185.7 (P < 0.001) CG: 202.8 to 191.5 (P < 0.05) | -9.2b | NR | – | NR | – |
| LDL | IG: 141.12 to 120.9 (P < 0.001) CG: 138.26 to 127.2 (P < 0.01) | -9.16b | |||||
| HDL | IG: 34.9 to 36.6 (P < 0.05) CG: 33.4 to 34.1b | 1.0b | |||||
| TG | IG: 150.9 to 140.6 (P < 0.001) CG: 155.7 to 148.5b | -3.1b | |||||
| Mourão et al. 201339 | TC | IG: 216.3 to 189.3 CG: 207.5 to 207.8 | -27.3 (P = 0.008) | IG: 30.3 to 30.4 CG: 30.3 to 30.0 | 0.4 (P = 0.106) | NR | – |
| LDL | IG: 128.9 to 105.9 CG: 123.0 to 123.5 | -23.5 (P = 0.026) | |||||
| HDL | IG: 51.8 to 53.5 CG: 53.4 to 50.6 | 4.5 (P = 0.020) | |||||
| TG | IG: 171.2 to 152.2 CG: 162.4 to 177.4 | -34.0 (P = 0.007) | |||||
| Plaster et al. 201240 | TC | IG: 205 to 182 (P < 0.01) CG: 209 to 210b | -24b | NR | – | Framingham risk prediction score IG: 22% to 14% (P < 0.01) CG: 22% to 26% (P < 0.05) | -12%b |
| LDL | IG: 149 to 111 (P < 0.01) CG: 140 to 132b | -30b | |||||
| Men HDL | IG: 40 to 47 (P < 0.05) CG: 44 to 40b | 11b | |||||
| Women HDL | IG: 42 to 49 (P < 0.05) CG: 45 to 41b | 11b | |||||
| TG | IG: 186 to 165 CG: 207 to 174 | 12b | |||||
| Rothman et al. 200534 | TC | IG: 213 to 186 CG: 201 to 189 | -15 (NS)b | NR | – | NR | – |
| Scott et al. 200635 | LDL | IG: 116.1 to 96.7 CG: 120.5 to 112.3 | -11.2 (P = 0.012) | IG: 36.4 to 36.0 CG: 35.9 to 35.7 | -0.2b | NR | – |
| HDL | IG: 41.3 to 42.9 CG: 41.5 to 42.4 | 0.7b | |||||
| Simpson et al. 201136 | TC | IG: 170.53 to 161.64 (P < 0.05) CG: 168.99 to 165.51b | -5.41 (NS)b | NR | – | UKPDS risk engine score IG: 19.5% to 16.8% (P < 0.001) CG: 21.0% to 19.8% (P = 0.06) | -1.5% (P = 0.005) |
| LDL | IG: 93.58 to 84.69 (P < 0.05) CG: 93.19 to 89.33b | -5.41 (NS)b | |||||
| HDL | IG: 44.47 to 44.86 CG: 44.47 to 45.24 | -0.77 (NS)b | |||||
| TG | IG: 168.28 to 160.31 CG: 154.11 to 162.08 | -15.94 (NS)b | |||||
| Sriram et al. 201157 | NR | – | IG: 25.01 to 23.16 (P < 0.05) CG: 24.66 to 24.75 (P > 0.05) | -1.94b | NR | – | |
| Taveira et al. 201038 | LDL | IG: 92.8 to 81.5 (P < 0.05) CG: 92.8 to 85.0 (P < 0.05) | -3.5 (NS)b | IG: 33.8 to 33.73 CG: 31.7 to 31.71 | -0.08 (P = 0.11) | NR | – |
| Non-HDL | IG: 133.1 to 113.8 (P < 0.05) CG: 125.3 to 119.7b | -13.7 (NS)b | |||||
| Taveira et al. 201137 | LDL | IG: 101.0 to 92.5 (P < 0.05) CG: 101.5 to 93.9b | -1.0 (NS)b | NR | – | UKPDS risk engine score IG: 20.6% to 15.7% (P < 0.05) CG: 22.7% to 20.4%b | -2.6% (NS)b |
| Non-HDL | IG: 137.8 to 126.6 (P < 0.05) CG: 149.6 to 133.9 (P < 0.05) | 4.5 (NS)b | |||||
| Venkatesan et al. 201259 | NR | – | IG: 25.09 to 22.99 CG: 25.81 to 24.38 | -0.67b | NR | – | |
| Wishah et al. 201460 | TC | IG: 184.6 to 165.2 CG: 185.5 to 173.6 | -7.5b | IG: 31.1 to 30.6 CG: 29.3 to 29.8 | -1.0 (P = 0.11) | NR | – |
| LDL | IG: 114.2 to 100.9 CG: 109.3 to 105.3 | -9.3b | |||||
| HDL | IG: 40.3 to 43.6 CG: 44.0 to 45.1 | 2.2b | |||||
| TG | IG: 209.8 to 169.5 CG: 155.9 to 152.6 | -37.0b | |||||
a Negative values indicate IG had greater decrease; positive values indicate CG had greater decrease. For HDL: positive values indicate IG had greater increase; negative values indicate CG had greater increase.
b P value not reported.
c Positive values indicate IG had greater decrease in 10-year CHD risk; negative values indicate CG had greater decrease in 10-year CHD risk.
BNF = British National Formulary; CG = control group; CHD = coronary heart disease; HDL = high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; IG = intervention group; LDL = low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; NR = not reported; NS = not significant; TC = total cholesterol; TG = triglycerides; UKPDS = United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study.