TABLE 4.
Adjusted Generalized Estimating Equations Predicting 6-Month Readmission (N = 344)
| Parameter | COPD-Related Readmissions | All-Cause Readmissions | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RR | 95% CI | P Value | RR | 95% CI | P Value | |
| Pre-index variables | ||||||
| Received PCE-C vs. not | 1.12 | 0.56-2.22 | 0.756 | 1.06 | 0.64-1.75 | 0.827 |
| Received PCE-D vs. not | 1.16 | 0.53-2.53 | 0.711 | 0.62 | 0.34-1.16 | 0.137 |
| Female vs. male | 0.64 | 0.34-1.20 | 0.162 | 1.00 | 0.61-1.63 | 0.999 |
| Age | 1.07 | 1.01-1.13 | 0.028 | 1.03 | 1.00-1.07 | 0.082 |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index | 1.03 | 0.82-1.30 | 0.770 | 1.15 | 0.94-1.40 | 0.169 |
| Adherent vs. nonadherent | 1.08 | 0.46-2.54 | 0.869 | 1.10 | 0.54-2.26 | 0.798 |
| On maintenance medication vs. not | 0.78 | 0.43-1.43 | 0.430 | 0.49 | 0.30-0.79 | 0.004 |
| On rescue medication vs. not | 1.45 | 0.71-2.94 | 0.303 | 1.68 | 0.95-2.96 | 0.072 |
| Pre-index costsa | 1.00 | 0.99-1.01 | 0.672 | 1.01 | 1.00-1.02 | 0.013 |
| Number of exacerbations | 1.13 | 0.90-1.43 | 0.290 | 1.05 | 0.85-1.30 | 0.629 |
| Index (event) variables | ||||||
| Inpatient vs. ED | 0.80 | 0.39-1.65 | 0.542 | 0.77 | 0.43-1.37 | 0.368 |
| Length of stay | 0.99 | 0.90-1.10 | 0.851 | 1.04 | 0.95-1.14 | 0.392 |
| Admission year | 0.95 | 0.81-1.12 | 0.567 | 1.00 | 0.88-1.14 | 0.980 |
| Admission quarter | 1.09 | 0.85-1.38 | 0.507 | 0.90 | 0.73-1.10 | 0.292 |
a Costs multiplied by $1,000.
CI = confidence interval; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ED = emergency department; PCE-C = pharmacotherapy management of COPD exacerbation with systemic corticosteroid; PCE-D = pharmacotherapy management of COPD exacerbation with bronchodilator; RR = relative risk.