TABLE 3.

Factors Associated with Interclass PP Among Children Enrolled in Kentucky Medicaid with at Least 90 Days of Psychotropic Medication Therapy and No Seizure Disorders Between 2012 and 2015

Predictors	OR (95% CI)	P Value
Gender, male	1.28 (1.23, 1.33)	< 0.001
Age category
0-5 years	Reference
6 -11 years	1.58 (1.5, 1.67)	< 0.001
12-17 years	1.25 (1.17, 1.32)	< 0.001
Foster care	1.71 (1.58, 1.84)	< 0.001
Nonmetropolitan residencea	0.95 (0.91, 0.98)	0.003
Race category
White	Reference
Black	0.72 (0.67, 0.76)	< 0.001
Other	1.01 (0.90, 1.12)	0.869
Not provided	1.24 (1.19, 1.3)	< 0.001
Psychiatric diagnostic categories
Attention deficit disorders	Reference
Schizophrenia and other psychoses	0.91 (0.83, 1.01)	0.069
Bipolar disorder	2.24 (2.11, 2.38)	< 0.001
Mood disorder NOS	1.11 (1.04, 1.17)	< 0.001
Depression	0.49 (0.47, 0.52)	< 0.001
Disruptive mood dysregulation Disorder	1.13 (1.04, 1.23)	0.003
Conduct disorder	0.76 (0.7, 0.82)	< 0.001
Oppositional defiant disorder	0.98 (0.93, 1.04)	0.471
Autism PDD NOS	1.17 (1.08, 1.26)	< 0.001
Anxiety and trauma-related disorders	0.73 (0.7, 0.77)	< 0.001
Other mental disorders	0.76 (0.72, 0.8)	< 0.001
Other neurodevelopmental disorders	0.72 (0.68, 0.76)	< 0.001
Impulse control disorder	0.64 (0.60, 0.67)	< 0.001
Sleep wake disorders	0.89 (0.84, 0.94)	< 0.001
Covered months	1.01 (1.01, 1.02)	< 0.001
Total number of psychiatric diagnoses	1.8 (1.74, 1.85)	< 0.001

Note: Total sample, n = 67,798. Children with seizure disorders were removed from the sample, with 67,827 observations remaining.

^aNonmetropolitan was defined as county of residence having an RUCC code of 4-9.

CI = confidence interval; NOS = not otherwise specified; OR = odds ratio; PDD = pervasive developmental disorders; PP = psychotropic polypharmacy; RUCC = 2013 Rural-Urban Continuum Codes.