TABLE 4.
Multivariable Logistic Regression Modeling the Association Between Patient and Provider Characteristics and DMARD Use During Measurement Year
| Odds Ratio | 95% Wald CL | P Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 1.016 | 1.012 | 1.021 | < 0.0001 |
| CIRAS score | 1.470 | 1.425 | 1.516 | < 0.0001 |
| Gender, female | 1.322 | 1.225 | 1.427 | < 0.0001 |
| Race (reference: white) | ||||
| Black | 1.004 | 0.911 | 1.106 | 0.4259 |
| Other/unknown/missing | 0.917 | 0.787 | 1.067 | 0.2588 |
| Region (reference: South) | ||||
| Northeast | 1.259 | 0.756 | 2.096 | 0.4463 |
| Midwest | 1.242 | 0.99 | 1.558 | 0.1969 |
| West | 0.881 | 0.737 | 1.054 | 0.0269 |
| Population density (reference: urban) | ||||
| Suburban | 0.903 | 0.835 | 0.976 | 0.0487 |
| Rural/missing | 0.961 | 0.865 | 1.067 | 0.8329 |
| DCCI score | 0.892 | 0.874 | 0.910 | < 0.0001 |
| RxRisk-V Score | 1.267 | 1.246 | 1.287 | < 0.0001 |
| Timing of first qualifying RA diagnosis | 0.993 | 0.992 | 0.993 | < 0.0001 |
| Timing between first and second qualifying RA diagnosis | 0.995 | 0.994 | 0.995 | < 0.0001 |
| Prespecified medication use | ||||
| NSAIDs | 0.769 | 0.716 | 0.827 | < 0.0001 |
| Glucocorticoids | 1.385 | 1.29 | 1.486 | < 0.0001 |
| Opioids | 0.647 | 0.597 | 0.702 | < 0.0001 |
| Antidepressants | 0.641 | 0.592 | 0.694 | < 0.0001 |
| Prespecified medication use | ||||
| Muscle relaxants | 0.766 | 0.698 | 0.841 | < 0.0001 |
| Anticonvulsants | 0.713 | 0.655 | 0.777 | < 0.0001 |
| Health care resource utilization | ||||
| Durable medical equipment use | 1.161 | 0.926 | 1.456 | 0.1953 |
| Use of SNF | 0.721 | 0.512 | 1.016 | 0.0617 |
| All-cause hospitalization | 1.011 | 0.937 | 1.091 | 0.7785 |
| LOS for all-cause hospitalizations | 0.990 | 0.982 | 0.999 | 0.0255 |
| All-cause outpatient visits | 0.996 | 0.993 | 0.998 | 0.001 |
| All-cause ED visits | 0.907 | 0.889 | 0.924 | < 0.0001 |
| Total medical cost | 0.900 | 0.863 | 0.939 | < 0.0001 |
| Provider characteristics | ||||
| At least 1 visit to the rheumatologist | 1.803 | 1.634 | 1.988 | < 0.0001 |
| Provider practice (reference: group) | ||||
| Facility | 1.318 | 1.135 | 1.531 | 0.817 |
| Solo | 1.827 | 1.296 | 2.576 | 0.008 |
| Provider region (reference: Northeast) | ||||
| Missing | 1.247 | 0.707 | 2.200 | 0.2143 |
| Midwest | 1.077 | 0.613 | 1.892 | 0.9223 |
| South | 1.019 | 0.603 | 1.721 | 0.3539 |
| West | 1.114 | 0.648 | 1.916 | 0.7852 |
| Provider credentials (reference: non-MD) | ||||
| MD | 1.774 | 1.579 | 1.993 | 0.1226 |
| Missing | 2.368 | 1.665 | 3.368 | 0.0009 |
CIRAS = claims-based index for rheumatoid arthritis severity; CL = confidence limit; DCCI = Deyo-Charlson Comorbidity Index; DMARD = disease-modifying antirheumatic drug; ED = emergency department; LOS = length of stay; NSAID = nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug; RA = rheumatoid arthritis; SNF = skilled nursing facility.