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. 2016 May;22(5):10.18553/jmcp.2016.22.5.449. doi: 10.18553/jmcp.2016.22.5.449
Primary Analysis Sample Subgroup Samplea
Weight Gain Group n = 325 Nonweight Gain Groupb n = 1,195 Weight Gain Group n = 134 Nonweight Gain Groupb n = 646
Inpatient admissions
  Patients with an inpatient admission, % (n) 11.7 (38) 10.4 (124) 11.2 (15) 8.4 (54)
  Number of inpatient admissions, mean [SD] 0.2 [0.5] 0.1 [0.5] 0.2 [0.6] 0.1 [0.4]
  Inpatient expenditures, mean [SD] $3,694 [$13,938] $3,149 [$14,371] $4,674 [$17,585] $2,131 [$9,791]
Emergency room visits
  Patients with an ER visit, % (n) 23.7 (77) 20.8 (249) 26.1 (35) 21.4 (138)
  Number of ER visits, mean [SD] 0.4 [1.3] 0.3 [0.8] 0.5 [1.8] 0.3 [0.8]
  ER expenditures, mean [SD] $312 [$1,195] $243 [$836] $395 [$1,621] $255 [$773]
Outpatient office visits and services
  Patients with outpatient services, % (n) 100.0 (325) 100.0 (1,195) 100.0 (134) 100.0 (646)
  Number of outpatient services, mean [SD] 46.8 [36.1] 51.9 [43.3] 46.8 [39.9] 48.1 [35.7]
  Outpatient services expenditures, mean [SD] $5,579 [$7,446] $6,428 [$13,187] $4,935 [$5,970] $5,388 [$11,928]
Pharmacy
  Number of prescription claims, mean [SD] 42.4 [28.5] 41.9 [27.2] 44.0 [28.6] 41.3 27.9
  Prescription drug expenditures, mean [SD] $3,537 [$3,723] $4,026 [$4,716] $4,137 [$4,750] $3,922 [$4,993]
Total cost of health care services
  Mean [SD] $13,122 [$18,630] $13,845 [$24,645] $14,140 [$21,911] $11,696 [$18,987]
  Median $7,126 $7,110 $6,743 $6,626

a Sample restricted to patients with BMI ≥ 30 and no evidence of previous cardiovascular disease.

b Weight gain = increase in weight by > 3%; nonweight gain = weight gain ≤ 3% and weight loss.

BMI = body mass index; ER = emergency room; SD = standard deviation.