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. 2016 May;22(5):10.18553/jmcp.2016.22.5.449. doi: 10.18553/jmcp.2016.22.5.449
Primary Analysis Sample Subgroup Samplea
Weight Gain Group n = 325 Nonweight Gain Groupb n = 1,195 Weight Gain Group n = 134 Nonweight Gain Groupb n = 646
Inpatient admissions
  Patients with an inpatient admission, % (n) 8.3 (27) 7.4 (89) 9.0 (12) 6.0 (39)
  Number of inpatient admissions, mean [SD] 0.1 [0.4] 0.1 [0.4] 0.1 [0.5] 0.1 [0.3]
  Inpatient expenditures, mean [SD] $2,676 [$12,066] $2,046 [$10,204] $3,852 [$16,388] $1,405 [$7,510]
Emergency room visits
  Patients with an ER visit, % (n) 8.0 (26) 7.9 (95) 6.0 (8) 8.7 (56)
  Number of ER visits, mean [SD] 0.1 [0.5] 0.1 [0.4] 0.1 [0.6] 0.1 [0.4]
  ER expenditures, mean [SD] $77 [$439] $75 [$414] $47 [$316] $76 [$402]
Outpatient office visits and services
  Patients with outpatient services, % (n) 98.8 (321) 98.6 (1,178) 98.5 (132) 98.6 (637)
  Number of outpatient services, mean [SD] 16.9 [13.6] 16.7 [14.0] 16.6 [15.1] 16.5 [12.0]
  Outpatient services expenditures, mean [SD] $1,406 [$2,643] $1,597 [$6,934] $1,176 [$1,855] $1,585 [$8,754]
Pharmacy
  Number of prescription claims, mean [SD] 11.0 [7.7] 10.0 [6.9] 10.7 [7.2] 10.1 [6.9]
  Prescription drug expenditures, mean [SD] $1,134 [$1,408] $1,272 [$1,470] $1,217 [$1,611] $1,296 [$1,560]
Total cost of health care services
  Mean [SD] $5,293 [$12,536] $4,990 [$13,694] $6,292 [$16,702] $4,362 [$12,477]
  Median $1,949 $1,953 $1,897 $1,885

a Sample restricted to patients with BMI ≥ 30 and no evidence of previous cardiovascular disease.

b Weight gain = increase in weight by > 3%; nonweight gain = weight gain ≤ 3% and weight loss.

BMI = body mass index; ER = emergency room; SD = standard deviation.