Table 3.

Unadjusted Health Care Resource Utilization and Costs During 1-Year Follow-up

Unadjusted All-Cause Outcomes	Nonswitchers n = 5,000	Switchers n = 1,001	Discontinuers n = 2,709
Health care utilization, per patient per year, mean (±SD)
Hospitalizations	0.06 (±0.34)	0.07 (±0.32)	0.13 (±0.49)a
ED visits	0.27 (±0.88)	0.33 (±0.91)a	0.46 (±1.06)a
Outpatient visits	19.42 (±16.70)	23.47 (±17.54)a	20.46 (±19.82)a
Health care costs ($), mean (±SD)
Total all-cause health care costs	51,133 (±25,483)	60,734 (±27,523)a	33,828 (±41,281)a
Medical costs	8,819 (±21,072)	10,791 (±22,178)a	11,850 (±36,432)a
ED costs	484 (±2,235)	668 (±2,581)a	756 (±2,318)a
Inpatient costs	1,352 (±9,287)	1,938 (±14,680)	4,102 (±26,606)a
Outpatient costs	6,982 (±17,115)	8,185 (±14,270)a	6,992 (±18,170)
Prescription drug costs	42,315 (±19,036)	49,943 (±20,650)a	21,978 (±16,946)a

^aP < 0.05 versus nonswitchers.

ED = emergency department; SD = standard deviation.