Resource Utilization and Costs Associated with Using Insulin Therapy Within a Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Population

. 2015 Oct 16;21(3):10.18553/jmcp.2015.21.3.220. doi: 10.18553/jmcp.2015.21.3.220

All-Cause Costs Mean (95% CI)	NIAD-Only^a (N = 1,050)		Insulin Use (N = 350)		P Value^b
Total ($)	887	(640-1,353)	1,283	(916-2,003)	< 0.0001
Medical ($)	548	(355-1,029)	795	(508-1,555)	0.0002
Pharmacy ($)	338	(253-483)	486	(362-705)	0.0005

Note: Bold P values indicate significance (P < 0.05).

^a Patients receiving 2 or more classes of NIADs.

^b Generalized linear model with gamma distribution and log-link function controlling for gender, presence of cardiovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, and Charlson Comorbidity Index scores.

CI = confidence interval; NIAD = noninsulin antidiabetic.