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. 2017 Dec;23(12):10.18553/jmcp.2017.16414. doi: 10.18553/jmcp.2017.16414
Index LDL-C (mg/dL) Clinical ASCVD Only HeFH Only Clinical ASCVD and HeFH
Alla <70 70-99 100-129 ≥ 130 Alla < 70 70-99 100-129 ≥ 130 Alla < 70 70-99 100-129 ≥ 130
Number of patients 124,279 35,871 49,389 24,889 13,952 666 20 33 74 534 385 56 44 41 244
Characteristics
Mean age, years (SD) 70.21 (9.86) 70.81 (9.65) 70.62 (9.66) 69.56 (9.99) 68.40 (10.56) 60.00 (13.8) 61.30 (11.1) 63.12 (9.9) 62.89 (13.2) 59.38 (14.1) 65.49 (10.59) 64.23 (9.43) 65.82 (9.77) 68.27 (9.04) 65.25 (11.18)
Female, % 51.5 42.4 51.0 58.1 65.1 72.2 55.0 69.7 63.5 74.3 67.0 48.2 68.1 51.2 73.7
Diabetes, % 59.0 66.7 57.7 54.0 52.9 36.6 75.7 54.5 40.5 33.3 65.5 94.6 79.5 65.9 56.1
LDL-C, mean (SD) 89.68 (31.41) 58.77 (17.10) 85.84 (13.51) 110.93 (14.69) 144.76 (25.19) 224.73 (61.71) 144.45 (62.41) 150.33 (39.99) 155.92 (34.42) 241.76 (53.03) 196.23 (86.94) 94.95 (58.93) 138.87 (39.12) 148.73 (42.15) 237.81 (74.29)
CCI, mean (SD) 1.99 (1.89) 2.19 (1.96) 1.95 (1.87) 1.86 (1.85) 1.85 (1.83) 0.94 (1.46) 1.60 (1.88) 1.24 (1.37) 1.28 (1.79) 0.86 (1.39) 2.19 (1.97) 2.70 (2.19) 1.98 (1.73) 2.44 (2.50) 2.08 (1.84)
Race or ethnicity, %
Asian 6.1 6.9 5.4 6.0 6.7 8.5 0.0 8.3 14.8 8.0 5.8 0 10.3 12.1 5.7
Black 21.9 19.7 21.5 23.2 26.4 21.6 0.0 16.7 18.5 23.3 22.5 9.1 3.4 36.4 27.8
Caucasian 52.1 57.5 54.3 47.3 41.0 43.2 78.5 54.2 50.0 40.1 55.3 85.5 79.3 39.4 43.7
Hispanic 14.5 10.1 13.5 18.5 20.9 12.6 7.1 12.5 5.6 13.9 12.4 5.5 3.4 9.1 17.1
Other 5.4 5.8 5.4 5.0 5.0 14.0 14.3 8.3 11.1 14.7 4.0 0 3.4 3.0 5.7
Geographic region, %
Midwest 10.5 11.6 11.1 9.3 7.2 10.1 10.0 3.0 4.1 11.2 5.7 0.0 4.5 9.8 6.6
Northeast 41.8 43.1 41.1 40.7 43.5 41.1 20.0 48.5 44.6 40.8 35.1 8.9 20.4 51.2 41.0
South 39.7 37.1 39.6 42.4 42.0 40.4 60.0 33.3 43.2 39.9 52.5 89.3 65.9 39.0 43.9
West 8.0 8.2 8.2 7.6 7.3 8.4 10.0 15.2 8.1 8.1 6.8 1.8 9.1 0 8.6
Payer type, %
Commercial 11.1 11.2 11.1 11.0 10.4 31.7 10.0 18.2 27.0 33.9 9.9 1.8 9.1 2.4 13.1
Medicaid 5.8 4.5 4.9 6.8 9.9 14.7 10.0 21.2 8.1 15.4 9.3 0 2.27 4.9 13.5
Medicare 83.0 84.0 83.9 82.0 79.6 53.5 80.0 60.6 64.9 50.6 80.8 98.2 88.6 92.7 73.4
Other 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0 0 0 0.2 0 0 0 0 0
Clinical ASCVD, %
ACS 8.6 9.8 8.4 7.7 7.9 0 0 0 0 0 6.8 3.6 9.1 12.2 6.1
History of MI 27.0 31.5 27.0 23.3 21.7 0 0 0 0 0 41.0 82.1 52.3 46.3 28.7
Angina 15.9 16.5 15.8 15.5 15.7 0 0 0 0 0 15.8 3.6 15.9 14.6 18.9
PAD 53.3 53.6 53.4 53.2 52.4 0 0 0 0 0 45.2 32.1 45.5 36.6 49.6
IS 9.6 10.3 9.3 9.4 9.7 0 0 0 0 0 10.9 7.1 6.8 19.5 11.1
IS/TIA 10.8 11.0 10.6 10.9 11.2 0 0 0 0 0 12.5 10.7 11.4 14.6 12.7
TIA 8.6 8.2 8.5 8.9 9.3 0 0 0 0 0 9.9 7.1 6.8 12.2 10.7
Pre-index (60 days) statin intensity, %
Low/medium 35.1 31.6 38.2 39.2 26.5 25.8 35.0 27.2 21.6 26.0 20.5 48.2 18.2 24.4 13.9
High 35.6 45.3 36.5 27.4 22.0 51.2 55.0 63.6 56.8 49.4 38.2 41.1 59.1 53.7 31.1
Combination 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.9 0 0 0 1.1 0.3 0.0 2.3 0.0 0.0
Outcomes
Add ezetimibe to statins 1,132 (3.2) 263 (0.7) 313 (0.9) 285 (0.8) 271 (0.8) 21 (3.2) 1 (5.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 20 (3.7) 17 (4.4) 0 (0.0) 2 (4.5) 1 (2.4) 14 (5.7)
  Achieved < 70 mg/dL 28.3 62.4 29.4 15.1 7.7 4.8 0 0 0 5.0 5.9 0 50.0 0 0
  Did not achieve < 70 mg/dL 57.5 25.5 55.6 71.2 76.4 81.0 100.0 0 0 80.0 82.4 0 50.0 100.0 85.7
Switch to ezetimibe 132 (0.4) 14 (0.0) 27 (0.1) 32 (0.1) 59 (0.2) 3 (0.5) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 3 (0.6) 4 (1.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 4 (1.6)
  Achieved < 70 mg/dL 15.2 42.9 33.3 6.3 5.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
  Did not achieve < 70 mg/dL 71.2 35.7 51.9 87.5 79.7 66.7 0 0 0 66.7 25.0 0 0 0 25.0

Data source: Inovalon MORE2 Registry.

aThis category may include patients whose values are non-numerical and therefore not contained in the stratified LDL-C categories.

ACS = acute coronary syndrome; ASCVD = atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; CCI = Charlson Comorbidity Index; HeFH = heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia; IS = ischemic stroke; LDL-C = low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; MI = myocardial infarction; PAD = peripheral artery disease; SD = standard deviation; TIA = transient ischemic attack.