| Medicare Group | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall (N = 45,603) | Vertebral (n = 9,465) | Hip (n = 5,024) | NHNV (n = 27,657) | Multiple (n = 3,457) | |
| Index age, mean (SD) years | 78.1 (10.6) | 79.7 (10.7) | 82.7 (11.6) | 76.5 (9.9) | 79.8 (11.3) |
| Age group, years, n (%) | |||||
| 50-59 | – | – | – | – | – |
| 60-64 | – | – | – | – | – |
| 65-69 | 10,292 (22.6) | 1,582 (16.7) | 586 (11.7) | 7,442 (26.9) | 682 (19.7) |
| 70-79 | 19,498 (42.8) | 3,932 (41.5) | 1,739 (34.6) | 12,505 (45.2) | 1,322 (38.2) |
| 80-89 | 9,281 (20.4) | 2,336 (24.7) | 1,390 (27.7) | 4,750 (17.2) | 805 (23.3) |
| ≥ 90 | 6,532 (14.3) | 1,615 (17.1) | 1,309 (26.1) | 2,960 (10.7) | 648 (18.7) |
| Sex, n (%) | |||||
| Male | 12,828 (28.1) | 2,702 (28.6) | 1,334 (26.6) | 7,793 (28.2) | 999 (28.9) |
| Female | 32,775 (71.9) | 6,763 (71.5) | 3,690 (73.5) | 19,864 (71.8) | 2,458 (71.1) |
| Pre-index medication use, n (%) | |||||
| Pain-related medication use | 8,317 (18.2) | 2,075 (21.9) | 838 (16.7) | 4,886 (17.7) | 518 (15.0) |
| Gastroprotective agents | |||||
| PPI | 9,603 (21.1) | 2,269 (24.0) | 962 (19.2) | 5,719 (20.7) | 653 (18.9) |
| H2 receptor antagonist | 2,179 (4.8) | 541 (5.7) | 275 (5.5) | 1,215 (4.4) | 148 (4.3) |
| Cytoprotectant | 523 (1.2) | 158 (1.7) | 64 (1.3) | 263 (1.0) | 38 (1.1) |
| NSAIDs | 9,931 (21.8) | 2,433 (25.7) | 1,000 (19.9) | 5,876 (21.3) | 622 (18.0) |
| Glucocorticoids | 9,300 (20.4) | 2,404 (25.4) | 905 (18.0) | 5,382 (19.5) | 609 (17.6) |
| Estrogens | 939 (2.1) | 185 (2.0) | 75 (1.5) | 637 (2.3) | 42 (1.2) |
| Gastrointestinal events | 15,868 (34.8) | 3,922 (41.4) | 1,736 (34.6) | 9,075 (32.8) | 1,135 (32.8) |
| History of falls | 3,493 (7.7) | 785 (8.3) | 402 (8.0) | 2,097 (7.6) | 209 (6.1) |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index, mean (SD) score | 0.64 (1.21) | 0.71 (1.24) | 0.76 (1.32) | 0.60 (1.17) | 0.63 (1.25) |
| Common osteoporosis-related comorbidities,a n (%) | |||||
| Hypertension | 32,751 (71.8) | 7,022 (74.2) | 3,660 (72.9) | 19,672 (71.1) | 2,397 (69.3) |
| Arthritis | 22,816 (50.0) | 5,305 (56.0) | 2,616 (52.1) | 13,352 (48.3) | 1,543 (44.6) |
| Musculoskeletal pain | 16,867 (37.0) | 5,812 (61.4) | 1,531 (30.5) | 8,548 (30.9) | 976 (28.2) |
| Respiratory diseases | 14,801 (32.5) | 3,570 (37.7) | 1,560 (31.1) | 8,629 (31.2) | 1,042 (30.1) |
| Alzheimer’s disease, dementia, depression, anxiety, sleep disorders | 13,742 (30.1) | 3,012 (31.8) | 1,741 (34.7) | 7,999 (28.9) | 990 (28.6) |
| Diabetes | 12,958 (28.4) | 2,529 (26.7) | 1,320 (26.3) | 8,132 (29.4) | 977 (28.3) |
| Cardiovascular diseases | 10,661 (23.4) | 2,538 (26.8) | 1,214 (24.2) | 6,109 (22.1) | 800 (23.1) |
| Hypothyroidism | 9,388 (20.6) | 2,159 (22.8) | 1,049 (20.9) | 5,489 (19.9) | 691 (20.0) |
| Commercial Group | |||||
| Overall (N = 54,145) | Vertebral (n = 5,799) | Hip (n = 2,385) | NHNV (n = 42,666) | Multiple (n = 3,295) | |
| Index age, mean (SD) years | 61.8 (8.9) | 66.1 (10.9) | 70.8 (11.5) | 60.7 (7.8) | 63.0 (9.9) |
| Age group, years, n (%) | |||||
| 50-59 | 26,968 (49.8) | 2,045 (35.3) | 527 (22.1) | 22,828 (53.5) | 1,568 (47.6) |
| 60-64 | 14,077 (26.0) | 1,321 (22.8) | 440 (18.5) | 11,519 (27.0) | 797 (24.2) |
| 65-69 | 4,258 (7.9) | 503 (8.7) | 186 (7.8) | 3,342 (7.8) | 227 (6.9) |
| 70-79 | 4,212 (7.8) | 775 (13.4) | 380 (15.9) | 2,774 (6.5) | 283 (8.6) |
| 80-89 | 4,630 (8.6) | 1,155 (19.9) | 852 (35.7) | 2,203 (5.2) | 420 (12.8) |
| ≥ 90 | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Sex, n (%) | |||||
| Male | 20,496 (37.9) | 2,370 (40.9) | 829 (34.8) | 15,700 (36.8) | 1,597 (48.5) |
| Female | 33,647 (62.1) | 3,427 (59.1) | 1,556 (65.2) | 26,966 (63.2) | 1,698 (51.5) |
| Pre-index medication use, n (%) | |||||
| Pain-related medication use | 10,709 (19.8) | 1,492 (25.7) | 466 (19.5) | 8,221 (19.3) | 530 (16.1) |
| Gastroprotective agents | |||||
| PPI | 7,875 (14.5) | 1,123 (19.4) | 395 (16.6) | 5,924 (13.9) | 433 (13.1) |
| H2 receptor antagonist | 360 (0.7) | 57 (1.0) | 22 (0.9) | 260 (0.6) | 21 (0.6) |
| Cytoprotectant | 566 (1.1) | 78 (1.4) | 31 (1.3) | 425 (1.0) | 32 (1.0) |
| NSAIDs | 12,531 (23.1) | 1,676 (28.9) | 523 (21.9) | 9,713 (22.8) | 619 (18.8) |
| Glucocorticoids | 9,602 (17.7) | 1,454 (25.1) | 411 (17.2) | 7,224 (16.9) | 513 (15.6) |
| Estrogens | 2,569 (4.7) | 279 (4.8) | 77 (3.2) | 2,102 (4.9) | 111 (3.4) |
| Gastrointestinal events | 13,238 (24.5) | 1,948 (33.6) | 705 (29.6) | 9,879 (23.2) | 706 (21.4) |
| History of falls | 2,402 (4.4) | 338 (5.8) | 153 (6.4) | 1,776 (4.2) | 135 (4.1) |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index, mean (SD) score | 0.71 (1.26) | 0.99 (1.47) | 1.24 (1.65) | 0.64 (1.19) | 0.73 (1.29) |
| Common osteoporosis-related comorbidities,a n (%) | |||||
| Hypertension | 24,592 (45.4) | 3,205 (55.3) | 1,402 (58.8) | 18,469 (43.3) | 1,516 (46.0) |
| Arthritis | 20,026 (37.0) | 2,785 (48.0) | 1,152 (48.3) | 15,080 (35.3) | 1,009 (30.6) |
| Musculoskeletal pain | 15,434 (28.5) | 3,354 (57.8) | 732 (30.7) | 10,578 (24.8) | 770 (23.4) |
| Respiratory diseases | 12,505 (23.1) | 1,733 (29.9) | 575 (24.1) | 9,525 (22.3) | 672 (20.4) |
| Alzheimer’s disease, dementia, depression, anxiety, sleep disorders | 11,139 (20.6) | 1,453 (25.1) | 679 (28.5) | 8,326 (19.5) | 681 (20.7) |
| Diabetes | – | – | – | – | – |
| Cardiovascular diseases | – | – | – | – | – |
| Hypothyroidism | – | – | – | – | – |
aOnly comorbidities present in > 20% of patients are listed.
NHNV = nonhip/nonvertebral; NSAID = nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug; PPI = proton pump inhibitor; SD = standard deviation.