TABLE 1.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with IBS-D and Matched Controlsa
| Variable | Patients with IBS-D (n = 19,653) | Matched Controls (n = 19,653) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean ± SD | 47.1 ± 17.2 | 47.1 ± 17.2 | > 0.999 |
| Female, n (%) | 15,033 (76.5) | 15,033 (76.5) | > 0.999 |
| Health plan type, n (%) | |||
| PPO | 11,947 (60.8) | 11,947 (60.8) | > 0.999 |
| HMO | 2,834 (14.4) | 2,834 (14.4) | > 0.999 |
| Other commercial plan typeb | 4,872 (24.8) | 4,872 (24.8) | > 0.999 |
| Geographic region, n (%) | |||
| Northeast | 4,056 (20.6) | 4,056 (20.6) | > 0.999 |
| North Central | 4,864 (24.7) | 4,864 (24.7) | > 0.999 |
| South | 6,735 (34.3) | 6,735 (34.3) | > 0.999 |
| West | 3,998 (20.3) | 3,998 (20.3) | > 0.999 |
| ECI score, mean ± SD | 1.8 ± 1.9 | 0.8 ± 1.3 | < 0.001 |
| General comorbidities, n (%) | |||
| Functional/chronic pain disorders | 7,136 (36.3) | 3,300 (16.8) | < 0.001 |
| Hypertension | 6,356 (32.3) | 4,338 (22.3) | < 0.001 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 5,257 (26.7) | 3,408 (17.3) | < 0.001 |
| Anxiety | 4,802 (24.4) | 803 (4.1) | < 0.001 |
| Malaise and fatigue | 4,658 (23.7) | 1,348 (6.9) | < 0.001 |
| Depression | 4,553 (23.2) | 924 (4.7) | < 0.001 |
| Urinary tract infection | 3,002 (15.3) | 1,041 (5.2) | < 0.001 |
| Headache | 2,604 (13.2) | 683 (3.5) | < 0.001 |
| Upper respiratory infection | 2,508 (12.8) | 1,031 (5.2) | < 0.001 |
| Myalgia and myositis | 1,981 (10.1) | 476 (2.4) | < 0.001 |
| Fibromyalgia | 1,981 (10.1) | 476 (2.4) | < 0.001 |
| Dizziness | 1,660 (8.4) | 498 (2.5) | < 0.001 |
| Insomnia | 1,349 (6.9) | 278 (1.4) | < 0.001 |
| Dysuria | 1,305 (6.6) | 373 (1.9) | < 0.001 |
| GI-related comorbidities, n (%) | |||
| GERD | 6,243 (31.8) | 858 (4.4) | < 0.001 |
| Hemorrhoids | 3,075 (15.6) | 362 (1.8) | < 0.001 |
| Nausea | 2,764 (14.1) | 99 (0.5) | < 0.001 |
| Esophagitis | 2,072 (10.5) | 186 (0.9) | < 0.001 |
| GI hemorrhage | 1,461 (7.4) | 76 (0.4) | < 0.001 |
| Dyspepsia | 1,430 (7.3) | 53 (0.3) | < 0.001 |
| Vomiting | 914 (4.7) | 33 (0.2) | < 0.001 |
| Gallbladder or biliary disease | 645 (3.3) | 47 (0.2) | < 0.001 |
| Pancreatitis | 198 (1.0) | 5 (0.03) | < 0.001 |
| Gastroenteritis | 46 (0.2) | 3 (0.02) | < 0.001 |
| Ischemic colitis | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | – |
aAs of January 1, 2013.
bIncludes comprehensive noncapitated point-of-service, consumer-driven health plan, high-deductible health plan, exclusive provider organization, and point-of service with capitation (capitated or partially capitated) health plans.
ECI = Elixhauser Comorbidity Index; GERD = gastroesophageal reflux disease;
GI = gastrointestinal; HMO = health maintenance organization; IBS-D = irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea; PPO = preferred provider organization; SD = standard deviation.