TABLE 2.
Levels of OAD Adherence in the First 2 Years of Therapy
| Characteristic | Adherencea | P Valuec | Adherentb | P Valued | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First Year | Second Year | First Year | Second Year | |||
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | % | % | |||
| Age, years | ||||||
| < 35 | 66.0 (29.4) | 51.0 (39.1) | < 0.0001 | 39.7 | 33.6 | < 0.0001 |
| 35-44 | 74.3 (27.4) | 64.5 (37.3) | < 0.0001 | 53.4 | 48.8 | < 0.0001 |
| 45-54 | 77.5 (26.2) | 68.9 (35.9) | < 0.0001 | 59.1 | 54.2 | < 0.0001 |
| 55-64 | 81.1 (24.7) | 74.8 (33.8) | < 0.0001 | 66.1 | 62.9 | < 0.0001 |
| 65-74 | 80.0 (25.9) | 71.8 (36.2) | < 0.0001 | 64.9 | 60.9 | < 0.0001 |
| 75-84 | 78.1 (27.1) | 67.9 (38.3) | < 0.0001 | 63.0 | 57.0 | < 0.0001 |
| 85+ | 75.1 (28.9) | 62.7 (40.5) | < 0.0001 | 59.1 | 52.2 | < 0.0001 |
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | 79.4 (25.8) | 71.6 (35.7) | < 0.0001 | 63.5 | 59.4 | < 0.0001 |
| Female | 75.9 (27.5) | 66.0 (37.6) | < 0.0001 | 57.3 | 51.8 | < 0.0001 |
| Race | ||||||
| White | 80.5 (25.4) | 73.1 (35.4) | < 0.0001 | 65.8 | 61.9 | < 0.0001 |
| African American | 74.8 (26.6) | 66.1 (35.8) | < 0.0001 | 53.7 | 49.3 | < 0.0001 |
| Asian | 77.1 (26.8) | 67.2 (37.3) | < 0.0001 | 59.9 | 52.7 | < 0.0001 |
| Native American | 75.8 (27.7) | 65.9 (37.3) | < 0.0001 | 57.2 | 50.5 | < 0.0001 |
| Hawaiian/Pacific Islander | 77.8 (26.5) | 69.5 (36.5) | < 0.0001 | 60.6 | 57.0 | < 0.0001 |
| Marital status | ||||||
| Married | 79.9 (25.7) | 72.2 (35.7) | < 0.0001 | 64.5 | 60.6 | < 0.0001 |
| Divorced/separated | 78.1 (26.2) | 70.0 (35.7) | < 0.0001 | 60.9 | 56.3 | < 0.0001 |
| Single/never married | 77.3 (26.7) | 68.8 (36.5) | < 0.0001 | 59.7 | 55.3 | < 0.0001 |
| Widowed | 80.1 (25.7) | 72.0 (36.0) | < 0.0001 | 65.4 | 61.0 | < 0.0001 |
| Region | ||||||
| Northeast | 78.5 (26.4) | 70.7 (36.2) | < 0.0001 | 62.6 | 58.9 | < 0.0001 |
| Midwest | 81.0 (25.1) | 73.4 (35.1) | < 0.0001 | 66.5 | 62.2 | < 0.0001 |
| South | 78.9 (25.9) | 71.0 (35.8) | < 0.0001 | 62.4 | 58.2 | < 0.0001 |
| West | 78.3 (26.4) | 70.2 (36.2) | < 0.0001 | 61.8 | 57.4 | < 0.0001 |
| Population density | ||||||
| Urban | 78.2 (26.3) | 69.9 (36.2) | < 0.0001 | 61.2 | 57.0 | < 0.0001 |
| Rural | 80.9 (25.2) | 73.5 (35.0) | < 0.0001 | 66.3 | 62.2 | < 0.0001 |
| Highly rural | 80.2 (26.1) | 74.1 (34.7) | < 0.0001 | 66.4 | 63.3 | < 0.0001 |
Note: N = 148,544.
aValues listed are PDC in the specified year.
bPDC ≥ 80%.
cP values represent results of t-tests.
dP values represent results of chi-square tests.
OAD = oral antidiabetic drug; PDC = proportion of days covered; SD = standard deviation.