TABLE 5.
Comparison of predicted and observed (Pollock et al., 1982) peak and trough concentrations of ceftriaxone after multiple dosing regimens.
| Peak concentration a | Trough concentration a | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simulated | Observed | FE | Simulated | Observed | FE | |
| 0.5 g intravenous ceftriaxone q12 h in healthy population | ||||||
| Day 1 | 64 (57–71) | 79 (64–102) | 1.23 | 14 (6–28) | 15 (8.6–24) | 1.07 |
| Day 4 | 84 (66–117) | 101 (77–117) | 1.20 | 21 (7–50) | 20 (14–28) | 1.05 |
| 0.5 g intravenous ceftriaxone q12h in severe CKD population | ||||||
| Day 1 | 63 (43–127) | 31 (20–57) | ||||
| Day 4 | 130 (80–240) | 68 (36–146) | ||||
| 1 g intravenous ceftriaxone q12h in healthy population | ||||||
| Day 1 | 128 (113–143) | 145 (130–160) | 1.13 | 28 (12–56) | 30 (23–42) | 1.07 |
| Day 4 | 167 (133–234) | 168 (132–213) | 1.01 | 42 (13–101) | 35 (23–58) | 1.2 |
| 1 g intravenous ceftriaxone q12h in severe CKD population | ||||||
| Day 1 | 136 (85–259) | 66 (40–113) | ||||
| Day 4 | 279 (160–480) | 149 (73–295) | ||||
| 2 g intravenous ceftriaxone q12h in healthy population | ||||||
| Day 1 | 244 (216–273) | 255 (184–338) | 1.04 | 58 (24–114) | 45 (29–64) | 1.30 |
| Day 4 | 322 (252–459) | 280 (214–346) | 1.15 | 87 (28–205) | 59 (37–111) | 1.5 |
| 2 g intravenous ceftriaxone q12h in severe CKD population | ||||||
| Day 1 | 263 (166–494) | 135 (81–230) | ||||
| Day 4 | 546 (315–945) | 301 (146–590) | ||||
| 2 g intravenous ceftriaxone q24h in healthy population | ||||||
| Day 1 | 244 (212–270) | 239 (198–278) | 1.02 | 17 (3–50) | 13 (7–23) | 1.31 |
| Day 4 | 263 (222–323) | 260 (216–281) | 1.01 | 21 (3–63) | 15 (7–27) | 1.40 |
| 2 g intravenous ceftriaxone q24h in severe CKD population | ||||||
| Day 1 | 263 (167–487) | 72 (36–130) | ||||
| Day 4 | 361 (215–631) | 107 (46–225) | ||||
a
The simulated and observed values (Pollock et al., 1982) represent the mean and the values between parentheses is the range. FE: fold error, CKD: chronic kidney disease.