Inclusion Criteria	Remaining N
Patients in the MarketScan Commercial Database with a claim for selected TIM (abatacept, adalimumab, certolizumab pegol, etanercept, golimumab, infliximab, tocilizumab, or tofacitinib) between January 2, 2013, and December 31, 2016 (date of first claim was index date)	160,396
Did not have > 1 TIM type on the same day that could be considered as an index TIM claim	160,379
Had ≥ 6 months continuous enrollment and pharmacy benefits before index date (baseline period)	84,470
Had ≥ 12 months continuous enrollments and pharmacy benefits after index date (follow-up period)	47,975
Was aged 18-64 years at index date	45,216
Had ≥ 1 nondiagnostic medical claim with an ICD-9-CM or ICD-10-CM diagnosis code for RA in the primary or secondary position during the baseline period or on index date	16,501
Did not have any inpatient or outpatient nondiagnostic claims in any diagnosis code position with ICD-9-CM or ICD-10-CM diagnosis codes for any other autoimmune conditions for which biologic TIMs are used during the baseline period and up to 30 days after index date	14,993
Did not have data quality issues related to treatment patterns or dosing with index TIM claims	14,775
Final sample	14,775

CD-9/10-CM = International Classification of Diseases, Ninth/Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification; RA = rheumatoid arthritis; TIMs = targeted immunomodulators.