TABLE 2.

Adjusted Health Care Cost Comparisons

PPPM Costsa	Apixaban Cohort (n = 38,470)	Warfarin Cohort (n = 38,470)		Apixaban Cohort (n = 20,790)	Dabigatran Cohort (n = 20,790)		Apixaban Cohort (n = 38,820)	Rivaroxaban Cohort (n = 38,820)
	Marginal Effect ($)	Marginal Effect ($)	P Value	Marginal Effect ($)	Marginal Effect ($)	P Value	Marginal Effect ($)	Marginal Effect ($)	P Value
All-cause ER/outpatient medical costs	901	956	< 0.001	895	873	0.010	902	932	< 0.001
All-cause hospitalization medical costs	1,147	1,599	< 0.001	1,080	1,307	< 0.001	1,145	1,632	< 0.001
All-cause medical costsb	2,402	3,207	< 0.001	2,290	2,556	< 0.001	2,399	3,178	< 0.001
Pharmacy costs	781	370	< 0.001	770	660	< 0.001	781	701	< 0.001
All-cause health care costsb	3,183	3,577	< 0.001	3,060	3,217	< 0.001	3,180	3,878	< 0.001

^aGeneralized linear models were used for the analysis of all-cause health care costs.

^bAll-cause medical costs include all-cause ER/outpatient and hospitalization medical costs; all-cause health care costs include all-cause medical and pharmacy costs.

ER = emergency room; PPPM = per patient per month.