Table 2.

Engagement activities and tactics stratified by themes

Engagement activities	Descriptions
Theme 1: Understanding the unique culture and community of each OTP
Learning the culture of the OTP	Research team learns about the OTP and its mission CM supports the OTP staff by integrating into OTP workflows
Attending OTP events	CM illustrates interest in patient-participants as individuals beyond the study CM integrates into overall OTP activities
Theme 2: Building trusting relationships through education, communication, and feedback
Staff appreciation and learning lunches	Research team presents study procedures to OTP staff Research team educates OTP staff about HCV Research team obtains feedback from OTP staff and patient-participants to troubleshoot challenges OTP staff and patient-participants appreciate and express the value of an HCV cure
TM introductory video	CM introduces concept of facilitated TM to patient-participants
Language translations	Research team demonstrates respect and expands reach of patient-participants
Theme 3: Enhancing collaborative care and incorporating the patient voice to improve health outcomes
Research team roles	Telemedicine provider   Patient-participants connect with HCV specialist to manage HCV care remotely Case manager   Facilitates TM encounters and HCV treatment   Addresses patient-participant concerns and questions
Patient-participant incentives	Research team demonstrates respect for patient-participants’ time Patient-participants value financial compensation
Warm handoffs	Counselor introduces patient-participants to CM CM disseminates study-specific information CM establishes trusting relationships with patient-participants CM addresses patient-participants’ concerns or misconceptions related to study, HCV treatment, or facilitated TM
OTP staff roles	Counselor   Introduces patient-participants to CM   Facilitates patient-participants contact to promote recruitment, enrollment, retention, and adherence   Recognizes profound changes after HCV cure in patient-participants Onsite clinician   Acts as familiar face to patient-participants during TM encounters   Addresses patient-participant concerns, co-morbidities, and treatment-related questions and concerns   Reinforces medication adherence   Enhances connectivity with TM provider Nurse   Dispenses methadone and HCV medications   Acts as a first line of contact for patient-participants with questions or adverse events   Maintains confidentiality during dosing   Illustrates trust with expanded “take-home” doses
Patient advisory committee	Represents the patients’ voices Addresses concerns about study procedures Provides feedback to research team Reinforces importance of study participation Disseminates information to patients

CM case manager, HCV hepatitis C virus, OTP opioid treatment program, TM telemedicine