Table 4.
Baseline characteristics of the study cohort
| Baseline Characteristics of RENIS Participants with at Least One Follow-Up GFR Measurement | |
|---|---|
| Participants (n) | 1409 |
| Male sex (n) | 696 (49%) |
| Age (yr) | 58.5 (54.5–61.4) |
| Height (cm) | 170.7 (8.7) |
| Weight (kg) | 79.6 (14.1) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.2 (3.9) |
| mGFR (ml/min per 1.73 m2) | 94.0 (14.3) |
| eGFRcre (ml/min per 1.73 m2) | 94.9 (9.4) |
| eGFRcys (ml/min per 1.73 m2) | 105.7 (12.1) |
| eGFRcyscre (ml/min per 1.73 m2) | 103.2 (11.2) |
| uACR (mg/mmol)a | 0.2 (0.1–0.5) |
| sBP (mm Hg) | 129 (17) |
| dBP (mm Hg) | 83 (10) |
| BP medication (n) | 250 (18%) |
| RAS inhibitors | 143 (10%) |
| Fasting blood glucose (mmol/L) | 5.3 (0.5) |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3.7 (0.8) |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.5 (0.4) |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.2 (0.7) |
| Daily smoker (n) | 949 (67%) |
| Current smoker (n) | 278 (20%) |
| Previously smoker (n) | 670 (48%) |
| Never smoker (n) | 456 (32%) |
| Serum protein biomarkers | |
| CD40Lig (ng/ml) | 6.8 (2.1) |
| GDF-15 (ng/ml) | 0.8 (0.4) |
| MCP-1 (ng/ml) | 0.5 (0.4–0.6) |
| Tie2 (ng/ml) | 16.2 (5.7) |
| TRAIL-R2 (ng/ml) | 0.03 (0.03–0.04) |
| FABP4 (ng/ml) | 9.5 (6.6–13.8) |
| MMP7 (ng/ml) | 1.9 (0.80) |
| suPAR (ng/ml) | 0.3 (0.2) |
| MMP2 (ng/ml) | 315.3 (58.7) |
| Umod (ng/ml) | 237.8 (96.0) |
| Gal-3 (ng/ml) | 7.5 (1.9) |
| TNFR2 (ng/ml) | 2.7 (0.6) |
Mean (SD) for normally distributed variables, median (interquartile range) for skewed variables, and number and percentages (%) for categorical variables.
Variables with missing baseline values (n): smoke (5), TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor 2 (1), fatty acid-binding protein 4 (3), TNFR2, TNF receptor 2 (3), matrix metalloproteinase 7 (14), and soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (18). RENIS, Renal Iohexol Clearance Survey; BMI, body mass index; mGFR, measured GFR; eGFRcre/cys/cyscre, eGFR based on the CKD-EPI equation for creatinine, cystatin C or both; uACR, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio; sBP, systolic BP; dBP, diastolic BP; RAS, renin-angiotensin system; CD40Lig, CD40 ligand receptor; GDF-15, growth/differentiation factor 15; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; Tie2; TEK tyrosine kinase; TRAIL-R2, TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor 2; FABP4, fatty acid-binding protein 4; MMP7, matrix metalloproteinase 7; suPAR, soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor; MMP2, matrix metalloproteinase 2; Umod, uromodulin; Gal-3, galectin-3; TNFR2, TNF receptor 2.
To convert albumin-to-creatinine ratio in mg/mmol to mg/g, multiply by 8.84.