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. 2023 Apr 12;45(3):1997–2009. doi: 10.1007/s11357-023-00778-6

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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to American Aging Association 2023. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

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Fig. 3 — Mediation analysis of the relationship between fish oil supplementation and dementia. The relationship between fish oil supplementation and dementia was partially mediated by plasma concentrations of omega-3 PUFAs, docosahexaenoic acid, total PUFAs, and omega-6 PUFAs. Results were adjusted for age, sex, education, and APOE ε4 status. PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids; IE, indirect effect