Table 3.
Results of explicit emotion regulation during the active emotion regulation phase
| ANOVA (within-subject factor: condition; covariate: reappraisal score of ERQ) |
look negative M (SD) |
re-interpretation M (SD) |
dis-tancing M (SD) |
planned comparisons t-tests |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| main effect of condition | interaction condition * reappraisal score (ERQ) |
look negative vs. reinter-pretation | look negative vs. distancing | distancing vs. reinter-pretation | ||||
| Rating | F(1.40, 75.66) = 91.93, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.63 | F(1.40, 75.66) = 0.05, p = 0.894, ηp2 = 0.001 | 4.74 (1.58) | 2.72 (1.01) | 3.07 (1.18) | t = 11.11, p < 0.001, d = 1.49 | t = 9.18, p < 0.001, d = 1.23 | t = 3.77, p < 0.001, d = 0.50 |
|
P3 (300–500 ms) |
F(2,108) = 1.08, p = 0.344, ηp2 = 0.02 | F(2,108) = 1.08, p = 0.344, ηp2 = 0.02 | 7.31 (3.46) | 7.02 (3.67) | 6.95 (3.99) | |||
|
early LPP (500–800 ms) |
F(2,108) = 3.32, p = 0.040, ηp2 = 0.06 | F(2,108) = 2.51, p = 0.086, ηp2 = 0.04 | 4.87 (2.95) | 4.18 (2.81) | 4.19 (3.20) | t = 2.28, p = 0.081, d = 0.30 | t = 1.96, p = 0.110, d = 0.26 | t = 0.03, p = 0.974, d = 0.004 |
|
mid LPP (800–1400 ms) |
F(2,108) = 3.68, p = 0.028, ηp2 = 0.06 | F(2,108) = 0.87, p = 0.421, ηp2 = 0.02 | 1.90 (2.72) | 1.25 (2.85) | 1.00 (2.97) | t = 2.22, p = 0.062, d = 0.30 | t = 2.33, p = 0.072, d = 0.31 |
t = −0.73, p = 0.467, d = −0.01 |
|
late LPP (1400–3000 ms) |
F(2,108) = 4.05, p = 0.020, ηp2 = 0.07 | F(2,108) = 0.81, p = 0.447, ηp2 = 0.02 | 1.38 (3.74) | 0.40 (3.66) | 0.45 (3.23) | t = 2.57, p = 0.039, d = 0.34 | t = 2.16, p = 0.070, d = 0.29 | t = 0.13, p = 0.894, d = 0.02 |
| 3000 – 6000ms | F(2,108) = 2.88, p = 0.060, ηp2 = 0.05 | F(2,108) = 0.99, p = 0.375, ηp2 = 0.02 | 1.97 (6.33) | 1.05 (6.23) | 1.18 (5.65) | t = 2.17, p = 0.102, d = 0.29 | t = 1.86, p = 0.136, d = 0.25 | t = 0.33, p = 0.742, d = 0.04 |
Planned post-hoc t-tests were only conducted, when indicated by a significant/trend level main effect in the ANOVA and p-values are Bonferroni-Holm corrected. ERQ = Emotion regulation questionnaire (Gross and John, 2003)