Table 2.

Characteristics of the surveyed participants in 2009 and 2015.

	2009							2015
	Female		Male		Total		Missings in the unweighted sample	Female		Male		Total		Missings in the unweighted sample
	Estimate	95% CI	Estimate	95% CI	Estimate	95% CI	Missing/N (%)	Estimate	95% CI	Estimate	95% CI	Estimate	95% CI	Missing/N (%)
Demographic
Age group (%)							0/14,519 (0.00)							0/3720 (0.00)
18–24	N/A		N/A		N/A			18.08	15.76–20.65	21.11	18.20–24.34	19.66	17.63–21.86
25–29	14.72	12.25–17.59	14.83	12.01–18.18	14.78	12.26–17.70		16.72	14.37–19.37	15.64	12.90–18.83	16.16	14.33–18.16
30–39	31.71	30.10–33.37	33.88	31.67–36.17	32.77	31.24–34.33		20.36	18.34–22.55	21.80	19.77–23.98	21.12	19.63–22.68
40–49	28.56	26.74–30.44	28.33	26.67–30.05	28.45	26.94–30.01		21.01	19.13–23.03	21.61	19.18–24.27	21.33	19.79–22.95
50–64	25.01	22.70–27.47	22.96	20.70–25.39	24.01	21.91–26.25		20.09	18.19–22.14	16.10	14.33–18.04	18.00	16.61–19.48
65–69	N/A		N/A		N/A			3.74	2.97–4.69	3.74	2.99–4.67	3.74	3.15–4.42
Residential area (%)							14,519/14,519 (100.00)							0/3720 (0.00)
Urban	N/A		N/A		N/A			41.45	39.03–43.91	38.78	36.10–41.52	40.05	38.39–41.74
Rural	N/A		N/A		N/A			58.55	56.09–60.97	61.22	58.48–63.90	59.95	58.26–61.61
Years of education (mean)	7.45	6.33–8.57	8.49	7.60–9.37	7.95	6.98–8.93	547/14,519 (3.77)	8.36	8.02–8.71	9.03	8.67–9.38	8.70	8.41–8.98	679/3720 (18.25)
Education levels (%)							31/14,519 (0.21)							3/3720 (0.08)
Primary and below	51.68	35.25–67.75	42.50	31.99–53.72	47.21	33.77–61.07		38.88	35.64–42.23	31.96	28.48–35.65	35.26	32.41–38.22
Secondary school	25.70	17.46–36.13	29.69	24.39–35.60	27.64	20.82–35.69		24.55	22.04–27.24	26.75	23.85–29.85	25.70	23.54–27.98
High school	11.82	7.45–18.27	14.49	11.40–18.25	13.12	9.36–18.10		17.43	15.24–19.86	22.83	20.06–25.86	20.25	18.46–22.17
College and above	10.80	6.40–17.64	13.33	7.95–21.48	12.03	7.20–19.42		19.14	16.84–21.66	18.46	15.89–21.35	18.78	16.80–20.94
Employment status (%)							1090/14,519 (7.51)							2/3720 (0.05)
Currently employed	77.60	64.00–87.10	92.32	88.45–94.97	84.76	76.52–90.47		79.36	76.52–81.94	91.75	89.75–93.39	85.84	84.11–87.41
Not currently employed	22.40	12.90–36.00	7.68	5.03–11.55	15.24	9.53–23.48		20.64	18.06–23.48	8.25	6.61–10.25	14.16	12.59–15.89
Lifestyle factors
Smoking status (%)							9173/14,519 (63.18)							10/3720 (0.27)
Never smoker	11.84	4.30–28.63	3.09	1.67–5.63	3.48	1.92–6.23		97.82	96.54–98.63	33.86	30.68–37.20	64.35	62.11–66.54
Former smoker	17.60	13.18–23.10	21.17	16.99–26.06	21.01	16.84–25.89		0.69	0.40–1.18	16.31	14.35–18.48	8.86	7.84–10.01
Current smoker	70.56	60.09–79.24	75.74	71.10–79.85	75.51	70.98–79.54		1.49	0.84–2.62	49.83	46.59–53.06	26.78	24.69–28.98
Drinking status in the past 12 months (%)							64/14,519 (0.44)							11/3720 (0.30)
Abstainer in past 12 months	88.68	84.90–91.60	18.38	15.26–21.97	54.58	51.27–57.85		57.09	54.13–60.01	8.41	6.83–10.31	31.70	29.76–33.70
Less than once a month	6.39	4.69–8.63	11.85	7.62–17.98	9.04	6.85–11.84		36.09	33.40–38.87	22.08	19.32–25.11	28.78	26.87–30.78
More than once a month but not daily	4.48	2.94–6.77	56.58	50.27–62.69	29.75	26.21–33.55		6.48	5.06–8.27	58.71	55.51–61.85	33.73	31.53–36.00
Daily	0.46	0.20–1.04	13.19	8.25–20.43	6.63	4.12–10.50		0.33	0.15–0.75	10.80	9.11–12.76	5.79	4.87–6.88
Eat more than 5 daily servings of fruits or vegetables per day (%)							79/14,519 (0.54)							25/3720 (0.67)
No	71.23	61.28–79.47	70.82	62.61–77.87	71.03	62.58–78.24		29.75	26.78–32.91	36.32	33.22–39.53	33.18	30.94–35.49
Yes	28.77	20.53–38.72	29.18	22.13–37.39	28.97	21.76–37.42		70.25	67.09–73.22	63.68	60.47–66.78	66.82	64.51–69.06
Met the WHO recommendation on physical activity (%)							2218/14,519 (15.28)							695/3720 (18.68)
No	23.63	12.99–39.06	20.72	10.70–36.30	22.22	11.93–37.59		36.97	33.89–40.16	20.77	18.39–23.37	28.55	26.40–30.80
Yes	76.37	60.94–87.01	79.28	63.70–89.30	77.78	62.41–88.07		63.03	59.84–66.11	79.23	76.63–81.61	71.45	69.20–73.60
Levels of total physical activity (%)							2218/14,519 (15.28)							695/3720 (18.68)
Low	26.15	15.28–41.01	23.82	13.06–39.43	25.02	14.27–40.09		39.65	36.46–42.92	26.43	23.79–29.25	32.78	30.50–35.14
Moderate	22.31	15.07–31.72	16.19	11.31–22.64	19.34	13.29–27.27		24.03	21.61–26.62	15.61	13.63–17.82	19.65	18.07–21.34
High	51.54	31.70–70.91	59.99	41.50–76.02	55.64	36.39–73.33		36.33	33.21–39.57	57.96	54.81–61.05	47.57	45.00–50.15
Total time (hours) spent in sedentary activities per day (mean)	3.79	2.73–4.85	3.74	2.70–4.79	3.77	2.72–4.81	240/14,519 (1.65)	4.28	4.05–4.50	4.00	3.78–4.22	4.13	3.95–4.31	27/3720 (0.73)
More than 6 h spent in sedentary activities per day (%)							240/14,519 (1.65)							27/3720 (0.73)
No	81.06	65.62–90.56	82.63	66.08–92.07	81.83	66.08–91.23		74.56	71.47–77.42	78.35	75.50–80.96	76.54	74.19–78.74
Yes	18.94	9.44–34.38	17.37	7.93–33.92	18.17	8.77–33.92		25.44	22.58–28.53	21.65	19.04–24.50	23.46	21.26–25.81
Body measurement
Height in cm(mean)	152.18	151.57–152.79	162.25	161.68–162.82	157.08	156.52–157.64	8/14,519 (0.06)	152.59	152.15–153.02	162.43	161.97–162.89	157.55	157.16–157.94	682/3720 (18.33)
Weight in kg (mean)	49.21	47.55–50.88	56.02	54.18–57.87	52.53	50.85–54.21	6/14,519 (0.04)	51.15	50.57–51.73	58.14	57.43–58.85	54.67	54.16–55.19	682/3720 (18.33)
BMI in kg/m2(mean)	21.23	20.61–21.85	21.24	20.69–21.80	21.23	20.67–21.80	8/14,519 (0.06)	21.96	21.74–22.19	22.02	21.77–22.27	21.99	21.81–22.17	682/3720 (18.33)
Waist circumference in cm (mean)	71.11	68.44–73.79	74.05	71.48–76.63	72.54	69.94–75.14	8/14,519 (0.06)	75.49	74.76–76.21	77.79	77.01–78.58	76.65	76.05–77.25	685/3720 (18.41)
Hip circumference in cm (mean)	86.17	84.41–87.94	87.17	85.28–89.07	86.66	84.85–88.47	11/14,519 (0.08)	89.99	89.46–90.52	90.72	90.15–91.28	90.36	89.92–90.79	685/3720 (18.41)
Waist-to-hip ratio (mean)	0.82	0.81–0.84	0.85	0.83–0.86	0.84	0.82–0.85	13/14,519 (0.09)	0.84	0.83–0.84	0.86	0.85–0.86	0.85	0.84–0.85	685/3720 (18.41)