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. 2023 Jul 25;120(31):e2300191120. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2300191120

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1.

Rapid effects of 17β-estradiol on short-term social recognition are blocked by ERK and PI3K pathway inhibition. (A) Schematic of overall short-term social recognition testing. (B) Timeline of treatment and “easy” short-term social recognition testing. (C) Intradorsal hippocampal U0126 (ERK pathway inhibitor, 1.0 µg/side) blocks short-term social recognition memory. (D) Intradorsal hippocampal LY294002 (PI3K pathway inhibitor, 10 ng/side) blocks short-term social recognition memory. (E) Timeline of treatment and “difficult” short-term social recognition testing. (F) Intradorsal hippocampal U0126 blocks the facilitating effects of E2 on short-term social recognition memory. (G) Intradorsal hippocampal LY294002 blocks the facilitating effects of E2 on short-term social recognition memory. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001. White bars indicate average sample phase investigation ratios, shaded bars indicate test phase investigation ratios. Sample size for each group depicted in white bars. Data presented as mean ± SEM.