Reagent	Final concentration (w/v%)	Amount
MS- medium
Murashige & Skoog (MS) with vitamins	0.44%	4.4 g
MES	0.05%	0.5 g
Bacto agar	0.8%	8 g
ddH2O	N/A	Up to 1 L
Total	N/A	1 L
To prepare 1 L of MS- medium, mix 4.4 g MS with Vitamins, 0.5 g MES in 500 mL of double-distilled water (ddH2O) using a magnetic stirrer until the powders are dissolved completely, adjust the pH to 5.8 with KOH, add 8 g bacto agar and make up the volume to 1 L with ddH2O, and autoclave at 121°C for 20 min. Store at room temperature (23°C–25°C) for up to 1 month.
1/2 MS medium
Murashige & Skoog (MS) with vitamins	0.221%	2.21 g
Sucrose	1.5%	15 g
Agar	0.8%	8 g
ddH2O	N/A	Up to 1 L
Total	N/A	1 L
To prepare 1 L of 1/2 MS medium, mix 2.21 g MS with Vitamins, 15 g sucrose in 500 mL of double-distilled water (ddH2O) using a magnetic stirrer until the powders are dissolved completely, adjust the pH to 5.8 with KOH, add 8 g agar and make up the volume to 1 L with ddH2O, and autoclave at 121°C for 20 min. Store at room temperature (23°C–25°C) for up to 1 month.
phi medium
Bacto peptone	1%	10 g
Yeast extract	0.1%	1 g
Casamino acids	0.1%	1 g
Agar	1.5%	15 g
ddH2O	N/A	Up to 1 L
Total	N/A	1 L
To prepare 1 L of phi liquid medium, mix 10 g Bacto peptone, 1 g yeast extract, and 1 g casamino acids in 500 mL of double-distilled water (ddH2O) using a magnetic stirrer until the powders are dissolved completely, make up the volume to 1 L with ddH2O, and autoclave at 121°C for 20 min. Store at room temperature (23°C–25°C) for up to 1 month. For solid phi medium, prepare phi medium as described above and add 15 g agar to the solution.
phi TTC plates
phi medium	N/A	1 L
1% TTC	0.05 g/L	5 mL
20% glucose	5 g/L	25 mL
Total	N/A	1 L
1% TTC: Dissolve triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) in distilled water to make 1% (w/v) TTC solution followed by filter sterilization. Store 1% TTC solution at room temperature (23°C–25°C) or 4°C in a dark environment for up to 1 month.
20% glucose: Dissolve glucose in distilled water and autoclave to make 20% (w/v) glucose solution. Store 20% glucose at 4°C for up to 1 month.
Phi agar medium, after cooling down, is supplemented with TTC and glucose, already prepared as sterilized materials as above, to prepare phi TTC plates. To make 1 L phi TTC medium, add 5 mL of 1% TTC and 25 mL of 20% glucose, resulting in a final 0.05 g/L TTC and 5 g/L glucose. Store at 4°C for up to 1 month.