TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics and functional outcomes of all CVT survivors with intracranial hypertension or without intracranial hypertension.
| Variables | All cases (n = 293) | Non‐intracranial hypertension (n = 48) | Intracranial hypertension (n = 245) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex (female) | 179 (61.09%) | 30 (62.50%) | 149 (60.82%) | 0.827 |
| Age (IQR), year | 36.06 (18,87) | 38.88 (18,87) | 35.51 (18,81) | 0.160 |
| Risk factors | ||||
| Sex‐specific a | 102 (34.81%) | 8 (16.67%) | 94 (38.37%) | 0.004 |
| Hereditary b | 91 (31.06%) | 22 (45.83%) | 69 (28.16%) | 0.016 |
| Acquired c | 107 (36.52%) | 18 (37.50%) | 89 (36.33%) | 0.877 |
| Symptoms and signs | ||||
| Headache | 275 (93.86%) | 41 (85.42%) | 234 (95.51%) | 0.008 |
| Papilledema | 120 (40.96%) | 11 (22.92%) | 109 (44.49%) | 0.005 |
| Visual disturbance | 51 (17.41%) | 1 (2.08%) | 50 (20.41%) | 0.002 |
| Epileptic seizure | 124 (42.32%) | 25 (52.08%) | 99 (40.41%) | 0.134 |
| Motor deficits | 114 (38.91%) | 21 (43.75%) | 93 (37.96%) | 0.452 |
| Aphasia | 62 (21.16%) | 5 (10.42%) | 57 (23.27%) | 0.046 |
| Mental disorders | 74 (25.26%) | 6 (12.50%) | 68 (27.76%) | 0.080 |
| Coma (GCS <9) | 81 (27.65%) | 11 (22.92%) | 70 (28.57%) | 0.153 |
| Neuroimaging | ||||
| Venous infarction | 195 (66.55%) | 35 (72.92%) | 160 (65.31%) | 0.307 |
| Cerebral hemorrhage | 111 (37.88%) | 23 (47.92%) | 88 (35.92%) | 0.117 |
| Location of thrombus | ||||
| Superior sagittal sinus | 188 (64.16%) | 22 (45.83%) | 166 (67.76%) | 0.004 |
| Lateral sinus, right | 146 (49.83%) | 14 (29.17%) | 132 (53.88%) | 0.002 |
| Lateral sinus, left | 126 (43.00%) | 16 (33.33%) | 110 (44.90%) | 0.139 |
| Sigmoid sinus, right | 126 (43.00%) | 13 (27.08%) | 113 (46.12%) | 0.015 |
| Sigmoid sinus, left | 118 (40.27%) | 15 (31.25%) | 103 (42.04%) | 0.163 |
| SSS & (LS, right) | 114 (38.91%) | 8 (16.67%) | 106 (43.27%) | 0.001 |
| SSS & (LS, left) | 86 (29.35%) | 10 (20.83%) | 76 (31.02%) | 0.156 |
| ≥2 sinuses occluded | 156 (53.24%) | 17 (35.42%) | 139 (56.73%) | 0.007 |
| Follow‐up and functional outcome | ||||
| mRS, 0–2 | 249 (84.98%) | 44 (91.67%) | 205 (83.67%) | 0.156 |
| Neurologic defects | 64 (21.84%) | 8 (16.67%) | 56 (22.86%) | 0.343 |
| Residual visual impairment | 40 (13.65%) | 2 (4.17%) | 38 (15.51%) | 0.036 |
| CVT recurrence | 25 (8.53%) | 3 (6.25%) | 22 (8.98%) | 0.536 |
Abbreviations: CVT, cerebral venous thrombosis; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; IQR, interquartile range; LS, lateral sinus; mRS, modified Rankin Scale; SSS, Superior sagittal sinus.
a
Oral contraceptives, pregnancy/puerperium, and/or hormone replacement therapy.
b
Protein C, protein S, and/or antithrombin III deficiency.
c
Antiphospholipid antibodies, anticardiolipin antibodies, nephrotic syndrome, and/or hyperhomocysteinemia.