Table 1.
The characteristics of included studies
| Study | Country | Outcome measures | Experimental treatment | Control treatment | Sample size (female/male) (E/C) | Age(y) [mean(SD)] (E/C) |
Duration(M) | Rescue medication |
Adverse events(E/C) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diener2006 [28] | Germany | ③ | Verum acupuncture | sham acupuncture | 247/43 /257/60 |
37.1(10.5) /38.3(10.4) |
6.5 | Beta blockers,fl unarizine,or valproic acid | 5/5 |
| Ferro2012 [29] | Brazil | ③④ | acupuncture | Tanacetum | 22/23 |
38.2(7.4) /37.3(8.6) |
2.5 | - | - |
| Guan2018 [36] | China | ③④ | Acupuncture | Flunarizine hydrochloride |
41/24 /47/18 |
45.9(10.3) /46.4(10.2) |
3 | - | - |
| Li 2012 [37] | China | ④⑤ | acupuncture | sham acupuncture |
100/21 /103/15 |
37.1(11.7) /37.5(12.1) |
4 | ibuprofen |
9(③④⑤) /8(⑨⑩) |
| Li 2017 [38] | China | ①②④ | Verum acupuncture | sham acupuncture |
9/2 /9/2 |
21.73(1.98) /21.18(1.12) |
1 | ibuprofen | - |
| Wang2011 [30] | China | ③④ | verum acupuncture | flunarizine |
59/11 /60/10 |
39.2(10.9) /39.2(10.9) |
4 |
5(④⑦⑧) /7(②⑪⑫) |
|
| WU2011 [39] | China | ③ | Acupuncture | Flunarizine hydrochloride |
21/9 /19/11 |
39.6(9.7) /39.1(10.2) |
1 | ibuprofen | - |
| Xiao2018 [40] | China | ①②④ | Electric acupuncture | Diclofenac sodium enteric-coated |
19/11 /16/14 |
30.8(11.2) /35.9(9.6) |
0.3 | - | - |
| Xu2020 [32] | China | ④⑤ | Manual acupuncture | sham acupuncture |
47/13 /50/10 |
36.3(12.0) /36.0(10.9) |
5 | Diclofenac sodium enteric coated tablets | 5/0 |
| Yang2011 [31] | China Taiwan | ③ | Acupuncture | topiramate |
30/3 /29/4 |
47.6(7.4) /48.1(6.4) |
3 |
2(②⑥⑨) /22(④⑪⑬⑭⑮⑯⑰) |
|
| Zhang2021 [41] | China | ①②④ | Acupuncture | Shame acupuncture |
24 /20 |
33.04(6.43) /35.3(9.43) |
3 | ||
| Zhao2017 [42] | China | ①②④⑤ | truth acupuncture | sham acupuncture |
65/18 /63/17 |
36.4(14.2) /39.1(14.6) |
6 | ibuprofen | 5(③⑩)/2(⑨) |
| Zhuang2017 [43] | China | ①② | Manual acupuncture | Carbamazepine tablets |
27/18 /26/19 |
37.5(4.7) /37.8(4.3) |
1 | - | - |
Outcome measures: ①Zung Self-Rated Anxiety Scale (SAS); ②Zung Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS); ③Short Form 36 Mental Health; ④visual Analog Scale scores (VAS); ⑤Migraine-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire Emotional Functioning Subscale (MSQ)
Adverse events:
Experimental: ①sedation; ②local pain; ③Subcutaneous hemorrhage; ④subcutaneous hematoma; ⑤leg weakness; ⑥subcutaneous ecchymosis; ⑦discomfort; ⑧fatigue; ⑨local paresthesia; ⑩a tingling sensation
Control: ①drowsiness; ②weight gain; ③depression; ④nausea; ⑤constipation; ⑥abdominal pain; ⑦drowsiness; ⑧itching; ⑨subcutaneous hemorrhage; ⑩subcutaneous hematomash; ⑪fatigue; ⑫ faintness; ⑬paresthesia; ⑭difficulty with memory; ⑮dyspepsia; ⑯dizziness; ⑰somnolence