TABLE 1.
Baseline Summary Statistics of Study Sample
| N | % | |
|---|---|---|
| Demographic Characteristics | ||
| Age groups | ||
| 5-11 | 20,283 | 63.1 |
| 12-18 | 6,508 | 20.2 |
| Mean (SD) for children | 9.1 (3.4) | |
| 19-40 | 1,763 | 5.5 |
| 41-63 | 3,618 | 11.3 |
| Mean (SD) for adults | 44.6 (12.1) | |
| Mean (SD) overall | 15.0 (14.5) | |
| Race/ethnicity | ||
| Caucasian | 6,034 | 18.8 |
| African American | 6,746 | 21.0 |
| Hispanic | 17,603 | 54.7 |
| Othera | 1,789 | 5.6 |
| Gender | ||
| Female | 15,503 | 48.2 |
| Male | 16,669 | 51.8 |
| Clinical Characteristics | ||
| Therapy | ||
| Monotherapy | 18,948 | 58.9 |
| Fixed dose dual therapy | 6,868 | 21.3 |
| Concurrent dual therapyb | 6,356 | 19.8 |
| Index asthma controller therapy | ||
| ICS | 6,522 | 20.3 |
| LTRA | 12,426 | 38.6 |
| ICS/LABA fixed dose dual therapy | 6,868 | 21.3 |
| ICS+LTRA concurrent dual therapy | 2,828 | 8.8 |
| ICS/LABA fixed dose+LTRA | 3,528 | 11.0 |
| Controller therapy adherence | ||
| PDC ≥ 80% | 1,332 | 4.1 |
| PDC ≥ 70% | 2,200 | 6.8 |
| PDC ≥ 60% | 3,338 | 10.4 |
| PDC ≥ 50% | 4,792 | 14.9 |
| Mean (SD) | 32.2 (19.7) | |
| Asthma reliever utilization | ||
| SABA | ||
| None | 2,381 | 7.4 |
| 1-5 | 23,563 | 73.2 |
| 6 or more | 6,228 | 19.4 |
| Mean (SD) | 3.7 (3.1) | |
| OCS | ||
| None | 15,725 | 48.9 |
| 1 | 8,583 | 26.7 |
| 2 | 4,199 | 13.0 |
| 3 | 1,952 | 6.1 |
| 4 or more | 1,713 | 5.3 |
| Mean (SD) | 1.0 (1.4) | |
| Total number of unique nonstudy medications at index date | ||
| 0 | 6,005 | 18.7 |
| 1 | 6,836 | 21.2 |
| 2 | 5,979 | 18.6 |
| 3 | 4,059 | 12.6 |
| 4 or more | 9,293 | 28.9 |
| Mean (SD) | 2.9 (3.3) | |
a American Indian, Asian, unknown.
b Concurrent dual therapy includes an inhaler and oral medication: ICS + LTRA and ICS/LABA fixed dose therapy + LTRA. Any other concurrent therapy was not included, since they accounted for less than 2% of the concurrent dual therapy cohort.ICS = inhaled corticosteroids; LABA = long-acting beta-agonist; LTRA = leukotriene receptor antagonists; OCS = oral corticosteroids; PDC=proportion of days covered; SABA = short-acting beta2-agonists; SD = standard deviation.