Table 3.
Estimated marginal means from HLM models for PRS-SA subscales.
| Discourse management | Suprasegmental features of speech | Nonverbal aspects | Theory of mind | Speech and language behaviors contributing to pragmatics | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group | Mean (SE) | Mean (SE) | Mean (SE) | Mean (SE) | Mean (SE) |
| ASD-O | 10.13 (0.57) | 5.75 (0.36) | 8.03 (0.35) | 5.54 (0.41) | 3.93 (0.23) |
| FXS-ASD | 8.78 (0.50) | 5.55 (0.32) | 7.11 (0.31) | 3.87 (0.36) | 4.44 (0.20) |
| FXS-O | 4.96 (0.81) | 4.22 (0.52) | 4.37 (0.51) | 3.62 (0.59) | 3.80 (0.33) |
| DS | 4.69 (0.76) | 3.89 (0.50) | 3.28 (0.48) | 2.92 (0.56) | 3.89 (0.31) |
| TD | 5.24 (1.97) | 1.06 (1.34) | 2.57 (1.31) | 3.14 (1.52) | 1.24 (0.85) |
Model included chronological age and mental age, mean centered. ASD-O, autism spectrum disorder only; FXS-ASD, fragile X syndrome with ASD; FXS-O, FXS only; DS, Down syndrome; TD, typical development; PRS-SA, Pragmatic Rating Scale-School Age.