. 2023 Jul 21;10:1212422. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1212422

Table 7.

Effects of different dietary levels of energy on the rumen fermentation characteristics of growing yaks.

Item	Treatments			P-value
Item	LEG	MEG	HEG	P-value
pH	6.71 ± 0.048	6.62 ± 0.050	6.55 ± 0.059	0.122
MCP, g/dL	52.05 ± 1.741^b	54.75 ± 1.224^ab	57.12 ± 1.646^a	0.025
NH₃-N, mg/dL	4.92 ± 0.163^a	4.35 ± 0.118^ab	4.02 ± 0.161^b	0.001
TVFA, mmol/L	63.27 ± 0.491^b	65.18 ± 0.543^b	68.47 ± 0.581^a	0.029
Acetate, mmol/L	42.80 ± 0.376^a	42.92 ± 0.433^ab	44.29 ± 0.763^b	0.012
Propionate, mmol/L	13.11 ± 0.343	14.25 ± 0.278	17.07 ± 0.338	0.092
Butyrate, mmol/L	5.44 ± 0.112^b	6.22 ± 0.248^a	6.33 ± 0.182^ab	0.030
Acetate: propionate	3.28 ± 0.074^a	3.02 ± 0.046^b	2.95 ± 0.089^b	0.010

MCP, microbial crude protein; NH₃-N, ammonium nitrogen; TVFA, total volatile fatty acids. Different lowercase superscript indicates significant difference of P < 0.05.