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. 2023 Jun 21;7(4):e259. doi: 10.1097/EE9.0000000000000259

Table 3.

Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for associations between aircraft noise exposure (DNL) and all-cause mortality in NHS and NHSII participants living near 90 major airports.

DNL, dB(A) Cases Person-years Basica Parsimoniousb Extendedc
NHS
 2-Category
  ≥50 976 58,394 1.08 (1.02, 1.16) 1.02 (0.95, 1.09) 0.98 (0.91, 1.05)
  <50 12,798 790,557 Ref Ref Ref
 4-Category
  ≥55 335 18,950 1.15 (1.03, 1.28) 1.04 (0.93, 1.17) 1.02 (0.91, 1.14)
  50–54 641 39,443 1.06 (0.98, 1.15) 1.00 (0.93, 1.09) 0.95 (0.88, 1.04)
  45–49 1,290 81,962 1.03 (0.97, 1.09) 0.99 (0.93, 1.05) 0.99 (0.93, 1.05)
  <45 11,508 708,595 Ref Ref Ref
Continuous per 10 dB(A) 13,774 848,950 1.08 (0.98, 1.19) 1.02 (0.93, 1.13) 1.00 (0.91, 1.10)
NHSII
 2-Category
  ≥50 93 66,908 1.15 (0.93, 1.42) 1.04 (0.84, 1.29) 1.01 (0.81, 1.25)
  <50 1,063 830,472 Ref Ref Ref
 4-Category
  ≥55 25 22,346 0.93 (0.62, 1.38) 0.79 (0.53, 1.18) 0.76 (0.51, 1.13)
  50–54 68 44,562 1.25 (0.98, 1.60) 1.15 (0.90, 1.48) 1.12 (0.87, 1.44)
  45–49 107 91,184 0.95 (0.78, 1.16) 0.89 (0.72, 1.09) 0.90 (0.73, 1.10)
  <45 956 739,288 Ref Ref Ref
Continuous per 10 dB(A) 1,156 897,380 1.14 (0.83, 1.56) 1.05 (0.77, 1.44) 1.01 (0.74, 1.39)
Meta-analysisd
 2-Category
  ≥50 1,069 125,302 1.09 (1.02, 1.16) 1.02 (0.96, 1.09) 0.98 (0.92, 1.04)
  <50 13,861 1,621,029 Ref Ref Ref
 4-Category
  ≥55 360 41,296 1.13 (1.00, 1.27) 0.97 (0.77, 1.23) 0.94 (0.72, 1.22)
  50–54 709 84,005 1.10 (0.96, 1.27) 1.02 (0.94, 1.11) 0.99 (0.87, 1.13)
  45–49 1,397 173,146 1.02 (0.96, 1.08) 0.98 (0.93, 1.04) 0.98 (0.93, 1.04)
  <45 12,464 1,447,883 Ref Ref Ref
Continuous per 10 dB(A) 14,930 1,746,330 1.09 (0.99, 1.19) 1.03 (0.94, 1.12) 1.00 (0.91, 1.10)

a Basic models are stratified by age and calendar year.

bParsimonious models are stratified by age and time period and adjusted for race/ethnicity, marital status, spouse’s education attainment, nSES score, region of residence, PM2.5, and population density.

cExtended models are stratified by age and time period and adjusted for race/ethnicity, marital status, spouse’s education attainment, nSES score, region of residence, PM2.5, population density, physical activity, smoking status, alcohol use, AHEI diet score, menopausal status, and family history of MI.

dP values for heterogeneity between NHS and NHSII cohorts range from 0.16 to 0.93.

AHEI indicates alternate healthy eating index.