. 2023 Aug 4;102(31):e34471. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000034471

Table 3.

One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) in upper body kinematics across the groups.

ANOVA		Sum of squares	df	Mean square	Partial eta squared	F-value	Sig.
Shoulder extension angles at Cocking Phase (SEACP)	Between groups	1.36	2	0.68	0.12	1.91	0.16
	Within groups	9.59	27	0.35
	Total	10.95	29
Elbow extension angles at cocking phase (EEACP)	Between groups	0.038	2	0.02	0.01	0.25	0.78
	Within groups	2.019	27	0.07
	Total	2.057	29
Maximum elbow extension angular velocity (MEEAV) ⁰/s	Between groups	19021.40	2	9510.70	0.03	0.55	0.58
	Within groups	467037.30	27	17297.67
	Total	486058.70	29
Maximum shoulder flexion angular velocity (MSIRAV)⁰/s	Between groups	691364.60	2	345682.30	0.41	9.74^*	0.00
	Within groups	958013.40	27	35481.97
	Total	1649378.00	29
Wrist angle at ball contact phase (WABC)⁰	Between groups	2083.26	2	1041.63	0.24	4.44^*	0.02
	Within groups	6333.70	27	234.58
	Total	8416.97	29
Elbow angle at ball contact phase (EABC)⁰	Between groups	904.86	2	452.43	0.64	24.82^*	0.00
	Within groups	492.10	27	18.22
	Total	1396.96	29
Shoulder angle at ball contact phase (SABC)⁰	Between groups	708.06	2	354.03	0.22	3.82^*	0.03
	Within groups	2502.10	27	92.67
	Total	3210.16	29
wrist angular velocity at ball contact phase (WAVBC) ^0/s	Between groups	420.00	2	210.00	0.04	0.61	0.55
	Within groups	9284.70	27	343.87
	Total	9704.70	29
Spike height (cm)	Between groups	17904.80	2	8952.40	0.56	17.50^*	0.00
	Within groups	13812.40	27	511.57
	Total	31717.20	29
Takeoff to line distance (TLD) cm	Between groups	266.40	2	133.20	0.11	1.69	0.20
	Within groups	2123.60	27	78.65
	Total	2390.00	29
Approach distance (m)	Between groups	0.86	2	0.43	0.31	6.37^*	0.00
	Within groups	1.83	27	0.07
	Total	2.70	29
Approach velocity (m/s)	Between groups	0.30	2	0.15	0.19	3.24	0.06
	Within groups	1.26	27	0.05
	Total	1.57	29
Height of CG (m)	Between groups	0.07	2	0.03	0.24	4.02^*	0.03
	Within groups	0.22	27	0.01
	Total	0.29	29
Ball velocity m/s	Between groups	37.11	2	18.56	0.17	2.96	0.07
	Within groups	169.42	27	6.27
	Total	206.54	29

CG = center of gravity.

Significant value if P < .05.