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. 2023 Jun 22;7(4):e256. doi: 10.1097/EE9.0000000000000256

Table 3.

Cumulative relative risks for asthma medication purchases associated with a 10 µg m−3 increase of PM10, NOx, and ozone in Stockholm municipality, and pooled estimates including 21 municipalities in Greater Stockholm.

PM10 RR [95% CI] NOx RR [95% CI] Ozone [95% CI]
Asthma medication/Area Lag 0 Lag 0 Lag 0
Short-acting (Stockholm) 1.022 [1.010, 1.034] 0.997 [0.987, 1.008] 0.988 [0.976, 1.000]
Short-acting (21 municipalities) 1.021 [1.016, 1.027] 1.000 [0.996, 1.004] 0.996 [0.993, 0.999]
Long-acting (Stockholm) 1.016 [1.005, 1.028] 1.000 [0.990, 1.010] 0.997 [0.986, 1.008]
Long-acting (21 municipalities) 1.014 [1.009, 1.019] 1.002 [0.998, 1.006] 1.000 [0.997, 1.003]
Short- and long-acting (Stockholm) 1.019 [1.008, 1.030] 0.999 [0.989, 1.009] 0.994 [0.983, 1.005]
Short- and long-acting (21 municipalities) 1.017 [1.012, 1.021] 1.001 [0.997, 1.004] 0.998 [0.995, 1.000]
Lag 0-6 Lag 0-6 Lag 0-6
Short-acting (Stockholm) 1.078 [1.050, 1.108] 1.003 [0.977, 1.031] 0.992 [0.967, 1.018]
Short-acting (21 municipalities) 1.069 [1.057, 1.081] 1.016 [1.006, 1.027] 0.998 [0.992, 1.004]
Long-acting (Stockholm) 1.048 [1.022, 1.075] 1.003 [0.978, 1.029] 1.003 [0.980, 1.027]
Long-acting (21 municipalities) 1.031 [1.020, 1.042] 1.017 [1.008, 1.027] 1.011 [1.005, 1.016]
Short- and long-acting (Stockholm) 1.062 [1.036, 1.088] 1.004 [0.979, 1.029] 0.999 [0.976, 1.023]
Short- and long-acting (21 municipalities) 1.046 [1.037, 1.056] 1.014 [1.006, 1.023] 1.004 [0.998, 1.009]
Lag 0-13 Lag 0-13 Lag 0-13
Short-acting (Stockholm) 1.106 [1.062, 1.153] 1.010 [0.970, 1.051] 0.976 [0.942, 1.012]
Short-acting (21 municipalities) 1.092 [1.075, 1.110] 1.034 [1.017,1.050] 1.003 [0.994, 1.012]
Long-acting (Stockholm) 1.070 [1.030, 1.112] 1.008 [0.972,1.046] 1.001 [0.968, 1.034]
Long-acting (21 municipalities) 1.049 [1.034, 1.064] 1.034 [1.020, 1.049] 1.015 [1.008, 1.021]
Short- and long-acting (Stockholm) 1.086 [1.046, 1.127] 1.010 [0.974, 1.047] 0.992 [0.961, 1.025]
Short- and long-acting (21 municipalities) 1.065 [1.050, 1.08] 1.028 [1.016, 1.041] 1.007 [1.000, 1.014]

Italicized text are listed for all lag 0-6 and lag 0-13 values.