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. 2023 Jul 5;15(7):e41414. doi: 10.7759/cureus.41414

Table 4. LHANS - top 20 active ingredients in descending order of consumption - 2022 vs 2021.

DDD: Defined Daily Dose

Description LHANS Change % 2022 vs 2021
  DDDx1000 inhabitants/day Gross expenditure x 1000 inhabitants/day DDD x 1000 inhabitants/day Gross expenditure x 1000 inhabitants/day
Amoxicillin 0.85 0.53 5.5% 4.6%
Amoxicillin and beta-lactamase inhibitor 7.23 11.22 22.1% 20.1%
Azithromycin 3.39 5.37 10.8% 3.5%
Cefaclor 0.05 0.10 29.8% 24.4%
Cefditoren 0.56 2.18 - 7.9 % - 73.6 %
Cefixime 1.68 4.39 44.9% 44.8%
Ceftazidime 0.06 1.22 5.1% 6.6%
Ceftriaxone 0.66 8.83 8.2% 6.7%
Cefuroxime 0.06 0.09 - 3.3 % - 3.4 %
Ciprofloxacin 1.46 4.16 6.0 % 5.1%
Clarithromycin 3.18 3.29 49.5% 51.3%
Doxycycline 0.17 0.07 - 0.7 % - 1.2 %
Fosfomycin 0.54 2.80 0.3% - 0.6 %
Levofloxacin 1.15 1.86 5.4% 1.6%
Limecycline 0.14 0.13 - 13.3 % - 13.8 %
Minocycline 0.07 0.09 - 3.7 % - 4.3 %
Nitrofurantoin 0.28 0.28 - 0.9 % - 1.9 %
Prulifloxacin 0.12 0.53 - 10.9 % - 13.6 %
Roxithromycin 0.16 0.43 47.6% 46.8%
Sulfamethoxazol and trimethoprim 0.39 0.20 0.1% - 1.3 %