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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Aug 4.
Published in final edited form as: Manage Sci. 2022 Dec 19;69(7):3920–3938. doi: 10.1287/mnsc.2022.4581

Table 4.

Heterogeneous Effect by Leaderboard Size, Rank, and Prior Activity

(1)
steps
b/se		 (2)
steps
b/se		 (3)
steps
b/se		 (4)
steps
b/se		 (5)
steps
b/se		 (6)
steps
b/se		 (7)
steps
b/se
Leaderboard 1,365.44**
(496.72)		 −630.63**
(292.10)		 858.60**
(213.46)		 1,262.11**
(484.75)		 −817.47**
(304.86)		 1,016.43**
(486.63)		 −1,215.74**
(331.38)
FirstOnLB 745.74*
(422.44)		 522.47**
(157.44)		 −49.60
(343.07)		 257.18
(198.09)
LBActiveUsers 214.90**
(46.52)		 208.89**
(61.16)
LBActiveUsers × FirstOnLB 462.99**
(87.96)		 149.33**
(55.44)
Sample S HA Mid S HA S HA
Individual Fixed Effects Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Week Fixed Effects Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Individual Linear Trends Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Individual Quadratic Trends Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Observations 5,629 7,836 14,293 5,629 7,836 5,629 7,836
Individuals 129 129 258 129 129 129 129
Adjusted R-Squared 0.38 0.34 0.32 0.38 0.34 0.38 0.34
VCE Robust Robust Robust Robust Robust Robust Robust
*

p<0.10

**

p < 0.05. S: Sedentary, Mid: Mid 50 percentile, HA: Highly Active.