Figure 2.

(A) Dynamic light scattering (DLS) at increasing flow rate ratios performed at room temperature, with (B) showing dispersity indices for the same data set. Error bars indicate standard deviation between mean diameter/dispersity index values collected from three separate experiments on three separate microfluidic chips. Size is varied from ~ 350 to ~ 130 nm by changing FRR values, thereby decreasing diffusion length and increasing overall number of nucleation points about which LLC nanoparticles are presumed to form. All DLS measurements were taken where correlogram intercepts were between 0.9 and 1 (indicating statistical reliability). Dispersity indices (PDI values) for each sample were below 0.2, related to the distribution range for each Gaussian plot, a general requirement for industry. No discernible trend was seen between these values and FRR. (C). Mean diameter measurements for samples (generated with FRR 20) before and after incubation at 37 °C for 24 h, along with corresponding PDI values in (D) for the same data sets. It was noted that PDI error for hexosomes was larger after incubation, though values still fall within an acceptable range for PDI. We speculate that this may be to do with hexosomal particle growth being limited to a 2 directions (2-D symmetric). DLS methods assume a spherical hydrodynamic diameter, thus sizes may differ slightly between runs where particles are more faceted and/or rod-like. Error bars indicate standard deviations calculated as before. Negligible difference in hydrodynamic size was taken to infer minimal change in particle stability at elevated temperatures. See SI, Fig. S.2 for DLS details, including gaussian plots and correlograms.