Table 2. Impact of pulmonary rehabilitation program (PRP) on health-related quality of life, hospital anxiety depression, and physical activity scores (N=14 patients with coronavirus disease 2019).

Scores/data	Unit/levels	Before-PRP	After-PRP	ΔPRP	p value
Health-related quality of life (VQ11 questionnaire)
Functional dimension	Absolute value	7.93±3.83 (5.72 to 10.14)	6.14±2.54 (4.68 to 7.61)	–1.79±1.58 (–2.70 to –0.87)	0.0033 *
Psychological dimension	Absolute value	10.29±4.05 (7.95 to 12.62)	8.29±2.49 (6.85 to 9.73)	–2.00±2.15 (–3.24 to –0.76)	0.0108 *
Relational dimension	Absolute value	7.71±3.69 (5.58 to 9.84)	6.14±2.51 (4.70 to 7.59)	–1.57±1.50 (–2.44 to –0.70)	0.0077 *
Total score	Absolute value	25.93±10.59 (19.81 to 32.05)	20.57±6.89 (16.59 to 24.55)	–5.36±3.97 (–7.65 to –3.06)	0.0015 *
Hospital anxiety depression
Anxiety	Absolute value	6.71±4.48 (4.13 to 9.30)	4.64±3.23 (2.78 to 6.50)	–2.07±2.40 (–3.46 to –0.69)	0.0076 *
Depression	Absolute value	7.00±5.16 (4.02 to 9.98)	4.43±3.32 (2.51 to 6.35)	–2.57±3.08 (–4.35 to –0.79)	0.0058 *
Anxiety levels	Normal	50	79	-	0.0544
	Borderline case	29	21	-	0.3125
	Abnormal case	21	0	-	0.0350 *
Depression levels	Normal	64	79	-	0.1897
	Borderline case	21	14	-	0.3130
	Abnormal case	14	7	-	0.2729
Physical activity scores (Voorrips questionnaire)
Daily activity	Absolute value	1.50±0.48 (1.23 to 1.77)	1.54±0.49 (1.26 to 1.83)	0.04±0.19 (–0.07 to 0.15)	0.3268
Physical activity	Absolute value	1.83±3.13 (0.02 to 3.64)	3.58±3.30 (1.68 to5.49)	1.75±2.44 (0.34 to 3.16)	0.0251 *
Leisure activity	Absolute value	0.96±1.15 (0.30 to 1.63)	0.95±1.15 (0.28 to1.61)	–0.02±0.40 (–0.25 to 0.21)	0.6547
Total score	Absolute value	4.29±3.23 (2.43 to 6.16)	6.07±3.85 (3.85 to 8.29)	1.78±2.65 (0.25 to 3.30)	0.0341 *

ΔPRP: after-PRP value minus before-PRP value. Quantitative and categorical data were mean ± standard deviation (95% confidence interval), and percentage, respectively.

^* p value<0.05 (Wilcoxon matched pairs test or one-sided chi squared test): before-PRP vs. after-PRP.