. 2022 Oct 27;11:1226. [Version 1] doi: 10.12688/f1000research.126301.1

Table 3. Methodology and main outcomes of some studies including a single group of COVID-19 patients and evaluating the impacts of pulmonary rehabilitation program (PRP) on social disadvantage data.

1 ^st author (Yr), [country], (reference)	a. Study design (Type PRP) b. Participants, N (male) c. Age (Yr)	Outcomes	Summary of findings
Betschart (2021) [Switzerland] ²⁶	a. Pilot study (outpatient) b. 12 (8) c. 61 (26-84) ^a	PA/FS: PCFS HRQoL: EQ-5D-5L VAS	Improve in PCFS ^* Improve in EQ-5D-5L VAS ^*
Gloeckl (2021) [Germany] ²⁹	a. Prospective observational cohort study (rehabilitation unit) b. 50 (22): mild/moderate: 24 (4), severe/critical: 26 (18) c. Mild/moderate: 52 (47-56) ^c , severe/critical: 66 (60-71) ^c	PS: GAD-7, PHQ-9 HRQoL: SF-36	Mild/moderate: no improve Severe/critical: improve in GAD-7 ^β , PHQ-9 ^β and SF-36 mental component ^β ^, ^¥
Daynes (2021) [United Kingdom] ²⁸	a. Observational study (outpatient) b. 30 (16) c. 58 ±16 ^b	PA/FS: FACIT (fatigue) PS: HAD HRQoL: EQ 5D	Improve in FACIT ^*
Puchner (2021) [Austria] ³²	a. Observational multicenter study (rehabilitation unit) b. 23 (16) c. 57 ±10 ^b	PA/FS: BI PS: HAD, IES	Improve in BI ^*
Bouteleux (2021) [France] ²⁷	a. Observational longitudinal study (outpatient) b. 39 (17), PFS: 29 (11), NPFS: 10 (6) c. 48 ±15 ^b	PS: HAD HRQoL: VQ11	Improve in VQ11 ^*
Piquet (2021) [France] ³¹	a. Retrospective study (rehabilitation unit) b. 100 (66) c. 66±22 ^c	PA/FS: BI	Improve in BI ^*

BI: barthel index dyspnea. COVID-19: coronavirus disease 2019. EQ 5D: EuroQual 5 domains. EQ-5D-5L: Euroqol 5 domains. FACIT: functional assessment of chronic illness therapy. FS: functional state. GAD-7: generalized anxiety disorder-7 questionnaire. HAD: hospital anxiety and depression scale. HRQoL: health-related quality of life. IES: impact of event scale. N: number. PA: physical activity. PCFS: post-COVID-19 functional status scale. PHQ-9: patient health questionnaire 9. PS: psychological state. SF-36: short form 36. VAS: visual analogue scale. VQ11: health quality of life questionnaire. Yr: year.

Data were:

^{^a}

Median (minimum-maximum);

^{^b}

Mean ±SD;

^{^c}

Median (interquartile range).

p<0.05: before PRP vs. after PRP. For the study of Gloeckl et al.:

^{^α}

p<0.05 before PRP vs. after PRP for the group mild/moderate;

^{^β}

p<0.05 before PRP vs. after PRP for the group severe/critical;

^{^¥}

p<0.05 between-group difference mild/moderate vs. severe/critical for the same period.