Table 2.
Operative and donor characteristics stratified by planned use of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support (VA ECMO).
| Characteristic | Planned Off-pump N = 169 |
Planned VA ECMO N = 68 |
Total N = 237 |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lung allograft ischemic time (minutes) | 323 [281, 399] | 383 [314, 454] | 343 [291, 422] | <0.001 |
| Ex-vivo lung perfusion used | 9 (5.3%) | 1 (1.5%) | 10 (4.2%) | 0.289 |
| Unanticipated escalation of intraoperative support | 35 (20.7%) | 3 (4.4%) | 38 (16.0%) | 0.002 |
| Cardiovascular injury necessitating cardiac decompression for repaira | 2 (5.7%) | 1 (33.3%) | 3 (7.9%) | |
| Dense adhesions leading to difficult dissection and bleedinga | 4 (11.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 4 (10.5%) | |
| Elevated pulmonary artery pressuresa | 4 (11.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 4 (10.5%) | |
| Hemodynamic instabilitya | 5 (14.3%) | 1 (33.3%) | 6 (15.8%) | |
| Hypercarbiaa | 2 (5.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (5.3%) | |
| Hypoxiaa | 12 (34.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 12 (31.6%) | |
| Patent foramen ovale closurea | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (33.3%) | 1 (2.6%) | |
| Othera | 4 (11.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 4 (10.5%) | |
| Unspecifieda | 2 (5.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (5.3%) | |
| Intraoperative transfusions (units) | ||||
| Packed red blood cells | 1 [0, 2] | 2 [0, 3] | 1 [0, 3] | 0.005 |
| Fresh frozen plasma | 0 [0, 0] | 0 [0, 1] | 0 [0, 0] | 0.042 |
| Cryoprecipitate | 0 [0, 1] | 1 [0, 2] | 0 [0, 1] | <0.001 |
| Platelets | 0 [0, 0] | 0 [0, 1] | 0 [0, 0] | 0.001 |
| Total | 1 [0, 3] | 3 [1, 6] | 2 [0, 4] | <0.001 |
| Donor age (years) | 33 [26, 45] | 34 [27, 46] | 34 [26, 45] | 0.803 |
| Donor male sex | 98 (58.0%) | 40 (58.8%) | 138 (58.2%) | 0.906 |
| Donation after circulatory death | 19 (11.2%) | 15 (22.1%) | 34 (14.3%) | 0.032 |
| Donor PaO2/FiO2 ratio | 450 [394, 502] | 445 [389, 489] | 449 [437, 497] | 0.566 |
| Donor smoking history ≥20 pack-years | 16 (9.7%) | 3 (4.5%) | 19 (8.2%) | 0.189 |
| Missing | 4 (2.4%) | 1 (1.5%) | 5 (2.1%) | |
| Donor Epstein-Barr virus seropositive | 151 (91.0%) | 61 (91.0%) | 212 (91.0%) | 0.984 |
| Missing | 3 (1.8%) | 1 (1.5%) | 4 (1.7%) | |
| Donor Cytomegalovirus seropositive | 105 (62.9%) | 44 (64.7%) | 149 (63.4%) | 0.792 |
| Missing | 2 (1.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (0.8%) |
Presented as median (interquartile range) for continuous variables and frequency (proportion) for categorical variables.
a
Among patients who required unanticipated escalation of intraoperative support.