Table 1.
Baseline clinical characteristics and biological variables of the participants according to serum TyG-indexa quartiles
| First | Second | Third | Fourth | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of participants | 358 | 386 | 386 | 392 | |
| Age (years) | 41.2 ± 15.7 | 48.2 ± 14.7 | 50.2 ± 13.6 | 53.8 ± 11.7 | < 0.001 |
| Mean follow-up (years) | 9.9 ± 1.0 | 9.8 ± 1.0 | 9.9 ± 1.0 | 9.9 ± 1.3 | 0.29 |
| Male (%) | 171 (47.8) | 219 (56.7) | 195 (50.5) | 200 (51) | 0.09 |
| Education (%) | < 0.001 | ||||
| Primary | 159 (47.2) | 211 (55.8) | 238 (62.6) | 277 (71.8) | |
| High school | 144 (42.7) | 116 (30.7) | 102 (26.9) | 87 (22.5) | |
| Academic | 34 (10.1) | 51 (13.5) | 40 (10.5) | 22 (5.7) | |
| Anthropometry | |||||
| Weight (Kg) | 65.4 ± 12.4 | 71.1 ± 11.9 | 73.5 ± 12.8 | 74.7 ± 12.5 | < 0.001 |
| Weight/hip ratio | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.95 ± 0.1 | < 0.001 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 85.9 ± 12.2 | 92.6 ± 10.8 | 96.9 ± 10.9 | 99.0 ± 10.5 | < 0.001 |
| BMIb (Kg/m2) | 23.9 ± 4.3 | 25.8 ± 4.1 | 27.2 ± 4.2 | 27.4 ± 4.0 | < 0.001 |
| Current smokers (%) | 55 (15.4) | 79 (20.5) | 71 (18.4) | 69 (17.6) | 0.34 |
| Physical activity (%) | 0.01 | ||||
| Low | 142 (61.5) | 163 (63.2) | 187 (70.3) | 209 (74.6) | |
| Moderate | 78 (33.7) | 81 (31.4) | 69 (25.9) | 56 (20.0) | |
| Vigorous | 11 (4.8) | 14 (5.4) | 10 (3.8) | 15 (5.4) | |
| Blood pressure (mm Hg) | |||||
| Systolic | 120.9 ± 13.9 | 127.4 ± 14.8 | 129.7 ± 14.6 | 134.1 ± 15.8 | < 0.001 |
| Diastolic | 79.2 ± 7.9 | 82.1 ± 8.2 | 83.9 ± 9.1 | 84.9 ± 8.6 | < 0.001 |
| Diabetes (%) | 5 (1.4) | 20 (5.2) | 43 (11.1) | 187 (47.7) | < 0.001 |
| Family history of CHDc | 39 (11.0) | 48 (12.6) | 68 (18.2) | 65 (16.8) | 0.02 |
| Blood levels (mg/dL) | |||||
| FBSd | 81.4 ± 11.3 | 87.8 ± 14.9 | 96.2 ± 25.7 | 145.2 ± 69.6 | < 0.001 |
| Total cholesterol | 172 ± 38.9 | 192.3 ± 39.2 | 207.1 ± 37.4 | 223.8 ± 47.8 | < 0.001 |
| LDLe | 95.3 ± 33.1 | 110.0 ± 35.4 | 116.4 ± 33.0 | 114.6 ± 42.1 | < 0.001 |
| TGf | 77.5 ± 19.6 | 128.5 ± 23.5 | 187.9 ± 40.9 | 305.7 ± 127.6 | < 0.001 |
| HDLg | 58.0 ± 14.6 | 55.7 ± 12.7 | 52.2 ± 12.6 | 50.8 ± 14.2 | < 0.001 |
| SUAh | 4.0 ± 1.1 | 4.4 ± 1.2 | 4.6 ± 1.3 | 4.6 ± 1.3 | < 0.001 |
aTriglyceride-glucose index
bBody mass index
cCoronary heart disease
dFasting blood sugar
eLow-density lipoprotein
fTriglyceride
gHigh-density lipoprotein
hSerum uric acid